IXDEX. 



965 



Orchids, depth of tuberous roots, i. 552. 



— embryo detachment, ii. 450. 



— epiphytic L 77. 



protective function of water-absorbing 



liters in droughty i. 223. 



roots, clamp-cells, L 'yiii 



double function of, i, 220. 



— expulsive apparatus for pollen-transfer, u. 



269. 



— flour-like coating on lip, ii. 169. 



— good and bad flowering years, iL 472. 



— great variety, it 738. 



— hybrid flower colour, iL £^7. 



— labellum, iL -53. 



— leaf -bud, emergence from soil, L €10. 



— light seeds, ii. 851. 



— mode of adhering to bark, L 107. 



— nectaries, iL 17o. 



— opening of flowers, ii. 212. 



— origin of nncellus, iL 84. 



— pollen retention, iL 283. 



— pollen-sacs, iL 90. 



— roots, adventitious, L 751- 



— — aerial, L 753. 

 origin, L 771. 



— saprophytic on steep rocks, L 108. 



— stmcture of flower, iL 253, 736. 



— sugar crystals, iL 172. 



— terrestrial, downward pull of roots, L 767. 

 roots, L 760. 



— tropical, chlorophyll in roots, L 375. 



epiphytic thick cntdcle, L 309. 



nature of scents, iL 199. 



— twisting of ovary, iL 224. 



— venation, L 63t 



— West Indian. PL '^m 



— whose stomata lie in hollow tubercles, i. 



300. 



— withering of permnth and pollination, iL 



Ort^is, pollen deposition and retention, iL 



— spur of labellum, iL 255, 



— variability of floral colour, iL 569. 

 Orchis hircina, scent, iL 202. 

 Orchis mascula, alluring spur. iL 171. 

 Orchis pallens, scent, iL 202. 



Orders, of flnwering plaits, number, iL GOL 

 Organic adds, function, L 463. 



— compounds, multiplicity of, L 455. 



primary, formation of, L i55. 



sources of, in water, L 100. 



— materiaL synthesis o:^ L 378. 



— matter, ateorption of, L 99. 



STTiftl^ amount reqiiired by most sapro- 

 phytes, L 117. 



— remains found in water-reoeptacles, L 242. 



— substances in clear springs, L lOL 

 Organization, complexity, and higher de- 

 velopment, iL 598. 



Organs, change of function, L 450. 



— elementaiy early ideas of, L 14. 



— for removal of substances, L 47L 



— reduced, question of utility, L 747. 



— reproductive, protection from los of 



heat, L 529. 



— similazity of function and siniilMity of 



structure, iL Q5. 

 Origanum, distiibntion of sexes, iL 298. 

 Orlaya, peripheral flowers, iL 186. 

 Orlaya grandifloia, hooked fruit, iL 873. 



inflorescence, iL 184. 



Qmit^ogalum, colour of flower, iL 183. 



— epqibyllons bods, iL 43. 



— nectaries, iL 175. 



— rolled leaves, L 348. 



— stomata, petition o^ L 348. 

 Omitbogalnm nutans, ovary and fertiliza- 

 tion, iL 415. 



staminal stipules, iL 89. 



Omitiic^alnni umbellatum, leaf-bnd, emer- 

 gence from soil, L 640. 



protection of pollen, iL 113. 



protogynoos, iL 311. 



QrobEUichaceae, iL 771- 



— embryo, kc, i. 184. 



— establishment on host, L 184, 



Orobanchaceie, features used for classifica- 

 tion, L 186. 



— general resemblance to Orchideae, L 1S4. 



— geographical distribution, ic, L 186, 



— germination, L 750. 



— pollen-sprinkling apparatus in, iL 271. 

 Orobancbe, embryo, L 596. 



— former view regarding, L 185. 

 Orobanche caiyophyUacea, &c., scent, iL 201. 

 Orobanche Epithj-mum, germination, L 173. 

 Orobus, keel movements and pollen brush, 



iL 252. 

 Orobus Paimonicas, roots, L 760. 

 Orobus venetns, floral change of colour, iL 



191. 

 Orobus vemus, elevation and coloration, ii. 

 5U, 



seed dispersal, ii. 835. 



Orpine. See Sedum TeUphium. 

 Orthostichies, of leaves, L 397. 



— relation to divergence, L 403. 

 Orthotrichnm, hybrids, ii. 583. 

 Orthotrichum fallax, mode of adhering to 



bark, L 106. 

 Orthotropous ovule, L 644. 

 Oryza dandestlna, venation, i. 633. 

 Oscillarui, movement of, L 39. 

 Oscillaria tennis, verdigris-coloured films, L 



105. 

 Oscillarias and heat, L 554. 

 OsciUatorieae, circular movements, L 684. 

 Osier Willow. See Salix mmindlis. 

 Osmia, jmllen brush, ii. 168. 

 (femosis, nature of, L 59, 

 Osmunda regalis, frond, iL 476. 



sporangia, iL 12. 



Osmundacese, ch^^cteristics, iL 709. 

 Ostracoda, resemblance of TJtriculaiia 



bladders to, L 122. 

 Ostrya, cupule, iL 435. 



— mode of fertilization unknown, iL 413. 



— venation, L 631. 



— vernation, L 350. 



Ostrya carpinifolia, isolated colonies, L 52S. 



wind-dispersal, iL 848. 



Ousting of plants by other plants, L 268. 

 Outline of classification, iL 617. 

 Onvirandra fenestralis, Madagascar, iL 738. 

 Ovaries, classification, iL 75 et seq. 

 Ovaries, Phanerogamic iL 73. 

 Ovary and antholysis, iL 79. 



— discussion of structure, iL 7S et seq. 



— inferior, nature of, iL 79. 



— in Orehidaceas, iL 253. 



— nature and modifications, L 642. 



— of Colocasla antiqnorum, u. 742. 

 Over-transpiration, prevention of in Grasses, 



L344. 

 Ovule, a macrosporangium, iL 478. 



— chalazogamic fertilization in CarpiDus, 



iL412. 



— homology, iL 717. 



— morphological considerations, L 643. 



— morphological value, iL S4. 



— of Gymnosperms, iL 418. 



— parts of, L 644. 



— sorts of, L 644. 



— structure, iL 80, 416. 



— transformation into tuber or bud, iL 469. 

 Ovules, iL 83. 



— and nocturnal radiation, L 529. 



— arrangement on carpels, L 644. 



— attraction for pollen-tubes, iL 414^ 



— of Cycads, iL 720. 



Ovulif erons scale, of Abietineae, iL 721. 



of Piuns sylvestris and other Conifers, 



iL441. 



— shoot of Taxus, iL 442. 

 Oxalate of lime, formation, L 458. 



Oxalic acid, combination with calcium, L 67. 



function, L 458, 463. 



Oxalidaceae, cleistogamy in, iL 3K. 

 Oxalia, estivation, iL 210. 



— capsule, iL 431- 



— drooping of flowers, artifidally induced, 



iL122. 



— heterostylism, iL ^9. 



Oxalis, opening of flower, ii. 212. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 127. 



Oxalis acetosella, leaf, diurnal positioos, i 

 534. 



leaf movements, L 339. 



seed and embryo, iL 422. 



seed-dispersal, iL 834. 



unfolding leaves, L 349. 



Oxalis lasiandra, diuation of flowering, iL 



213. 

 Oxalis rosea, movements of cotyledons, L 



532. 

 Oxalis sensitiva, leaf, diurnal positions, L 



534. 

 movements of cotyledons, L 532 



— — sensitiveneES, L 535 et seq. 



Oxalis stricta, weather and autogamy, ii. 391. 

 Oxalis Valdiviana, movements of cotyledons, 



L532. 

 Ox-eye Daisy. See LeucantJiemum wlgare. 

 Oxidation, and blue rays, L 390, 



— by Bacteria, iL 623. 



Oxlip. See Primvla datwr, ii. 401 

 Oxyanthus tubiflorus, depth of flower, iL 



180. 

 Oxybaphus, seed, mucilage organs, i. 615. 

 Oxybaphus nyctagineus, pollen-grains, iL 97. 

 Oxycoccaceac iL 770, 



Oxyooccus palnstris, wax on leaves, L 302. 

 Oxygen, and respiration, L 293, 504. 



— elimination of, L 60, 



— volume exhaled by plant, L 455. 

 Oxythyrea funesta, and young capitula of 



Composites, iL 243. 



P. 



Pachyma. sclerotia of Agaricinese. iL 689. 

 Pacbypappa vesicalis and mantle-gall on 



Abele, iL 530. 

 Pachyplenrum, geitonogamy, iL 324. 

 Pachysandra, coloured stamen-filaments, iL 



183. 



— pollen and pollination, L 645. 



— scent, iL 200. 



Padina Pavonia, structure, L 590. 

 Psderota, nectary, iL 175. 



— protogynous, iL 3IL 



Pasderota Ageria, cross-fertilization, iL 301. 



f ertihty, dei>endence on insects, iL 402. 



pull of roots, L 768. 



Paeonia, anthocyanin, L 4S4. 



— protc^ynous, iL 311. 



Pseonia pnbens, vitality of spermatoplasm, 



iL96. 

 Palso-botany, importance of venation, L 



635. 

 Paleontology, bearing on evolution, iL 610, 

 PalEBOzoic vegetable remains, iL 6tL 

 Palea, of Gramineac iL 746. 

 Palisade-cella, L 472. 



movements of chlorophyll-granules, L 



38L 

 Palisade parenchyma, PL L 



— tissue consumption of carbonic acid, L 



368. 



of leaves, L 279. 



varieties, L 374. 



P^lavicinia, vascular system, iL 699. 

 Palmaceae, description, iL 74'j. 

 Palmella, Alga of Emericella, iL 6?5. 

 Palmella omenta, blood-red patches, L 105. 

 Pahnellaces, iL 606. 

 P^ms, climbing. See Sotang. 



— fruit protection, iL 445. 



— germination, L 604. 



— leaves of, stmcture in relation to trans- 



piration, L '2-SS. 



— pollen-grains, iL 99. 



— temperature within spathe, L SOL 



— vit^ty of spermatoplasm, iL 96. 

 Palmyra Palm. See Borassus jUibeUiformis. 

 Pandanaoeae, iL 745. 



— weaving habit in, L G77. 

 Pandanns, phyllotaxis, L 402. 



— roots, L 756. 



