INDEX. 



981 



Vaccinium uliginosum, and Exobasidium 



Vaccinii, ii. 526. 

 autumnal tints, i. 490. 



— — nectaries, ii. 175. 

 stamen, ii. 91. 



Vaccinium Vitis-IdsBa, and animals, i. 432. 



and Exobasidium Vacoinil, ii. 526. 



and Melampsora Goeppertiana, ii.525. 



pollen-sprinkling, ii. 224. 



shade and growth, ii. 506. 



water-collecting and -absorbing or- 

 gans, i. 231. 

 Vacuole, central, i. 41. 



— systole and diastole, i. 30. 

 Vacuoles, pulsating, i. 31. 

 Vagina, of leaf, i. 595. 



Valerian, Wild. See Valeriana officinalis. 

 Valeriana, imperfect flowers, ii. 294. 



— leaf size and vertical height, i. 287. 



— massing of flowers, ii. 186. 



— scent, ii. 202, 488. 



Valeriana dioica, imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



protogyny, ii. 312. 



Valeriana globulariEefolia, nectary, ii. 178. 

 Valeriana montana, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



&c., distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



nectary, ii. 178. 



Valeriana offi.cinalis,cross-fertilization,ii. 307. 



flower, ii. 178, 289. 



fruit, ii. 432. 



Valeriana Phu, elevation and coloration, 



ii.511. 

 Valeriana polygama, protogynous, ii. 312. 

 Valeriana saxatilis, scent, ii. 202. 

 Valeriana simplicifolia, elevation and col- 

 oration, ii. 511. 



imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



Valeriana tripteris, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



plumed fruits, ii. 857. 



protogynous, ii. 312. 



Valeriana tuberosa, store roots, 1. 760. 

 Valerianaceffl, ii. 765. 



— dichogamy in, ii. 3X2. 

 Valerianella Auricula, autogamy, ii. 351. 

 Valerianella carinata, autogamy, ii. 351. 



doubling through gall-mite, ii. 549. 



mite-galls, ii. 523. 



Valerianella dentata, protogynous, ii. 310. 

 Valerianic acid, ii. 202. 

 Valerian scent, ii. 202. 

 Vallisneria, dioecious, ii. 299. 



— flower-stalk, i. 53. 



— pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



— venation, i. 636. 



Vallisneria altemifolia, pollination, ii. 133. 

 Vallisneria spiralis, i. 667. 



apd heat, i. 564. 



flowers and pollination, ii. 132- 



Valoniaceae, thallus characteristics, ii. 646. 

 Valooias, colonies, i. 585. 

 Valvate dehiscence of poUen-saca, ii. 93. 

 Vanda coerulea, duration of flowering, ii. 214. 

 Vanda teres, seed-dispersal, ii. 862. 



seeds and hygroscopic hairs, ii. 859. 



Vanessa UrticEe, larvge on nettles, i. 442. 



Vanilla, scent, ii. 200. 



Vanilla Orchid, ii. 738. 



Variation, effect of habitat on, i. 394. 



— possible factors in, ii. 593. 



— structural, i. 8. 

 Variegation, causes of, i. 285. 



Varnish excreting cells, distinctive features, 

 i. 237. 



— protective coating, i. 353. 

 Varnish-like covering of epidermis, composi- 

 tion, restrictive of transpiration, i. 312. 



Vascular bundle, strengthening of, i. 725. 

 Vascular bundles, in leaf and stem, i. 649. 

 Vascular bundle-sheath, i. 469. 

 Vascular Cryptogams, alternation of genera^ 

 tions, i. 709. 



common characteristic, ii. 67. 



Palaeozoic remains, ii. 612. 



sexual reproductive organs, ii. 62. 



t^o generations distinct, ii. 474. 



Vascular tissue and transpiration, i. 347, 362. 

 Vaucheria, PI. I., ii. 57. 



Vauoheria, chlorophyll granules, i. 373. 



— cilia of, i. 29. 



— colonies, i. 585. 



— conditions favourable to development of 



sexual organs, ii. 644. 



— germination, i. 575. 



— Klebs' experiments, ii. 482. 



— sporangium and spore, ii. 17. 

 Vaucheria clavata, as mud collector, i. 267. 

 motion of swarm-spore, i. 24. 



■ structure and behaviour towards light, 



i. 383. 



zoospore-formation, ii. 645. 



Vaucheria aessilis, fertilization, ii. 53. 



Vaucheriaceas, ii. 643. 



Vega expedition, temperature observations, 



i. 547. 

 Vegetable and animal bodies, analogies, i. 591. 



— kingdom, divisions, ii. 617. 



— mould, conditions of formation, i. 263. 

 Vegetable Sheep. See Saastia. 

 Vegetation, at mouths of drains, i. 105. 



— characteristics on sea-shore, i. 390. 



— coal period, i. 636. 



— lines of, ii. 881. 



— marine, vertical zone, i. 387. 



— mountain limits, i. 527. 



— of heaths and moors, indigestibility, i. 432. 

 Vegetative cell, of pollen-grain, ii. 420. 



— propagation, ii. 790. 



lengths of runners, ii. 802. 



various causes, ii. 459. 



Vella spinosa, spines, i. 444, 449. 

 Velum, of laoetes, ii. 716. 



— partiale, of Agaricinese, ii. 689. 



— universale, of Agaricineje, ii. 689. 

 Velvety, texture, i. 320. 



Venation, importance in Palseo-botany, i. 635. 



— speciflc constancy, i. 635. 



— of leaf, terminology, i. 629 et seq. 



— of leaves, i. 631. 



Venetian lagoons, vegetation, ii. 104. 

 Ventilation-canals, functions of, i. 63. 

 Ventral canal-cell, in Gymnosperms, ii. 419. 

 Ventral suture, of foUicle, &c., ii. 430. 

 Venus's Ply-trap. See Bioncea muscipula. 



— Looking-glaaa. See Specularia speculum. 

 Veratrum, hermaphrodite and staminate 



flowers, ii. 297. 

 Veratrum album, grooving of leaf, i. 96. 



odourless, i. 431. 



Verbascum, edible staminal hairs, ii. 170. 



— hairs and animals, i. 442. 



— hybrid flower colour, ii. 567. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— leaves and light, i. 410. 



— sterility of hybrids, ii. 571. 

 Verbascum Austriacum, and bud-gaHs of 



Cecidomyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum Blattaria, nectaries, ii. 177. 



corolla and autogamy, ii. 367. 



Verbascum Lychnitis, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



Verbascum nigrum, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum olympicum, hairs, i. 324. 



Verbascum phlomoides, i. 97. 



method of water-conduction, i. 96. 



stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 



Verbascum phcenicum, nectaries, ii. 177, 



Verbascum pulverulentum, deciduous pro- 

 tective branched hairs, i. 354. 



Verbascum thapsiforme, hairs, i. 322. 



Verbascum Thapsus, autogamy, ii. 350. 



function of woolly hairs, i. 227. 



stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 



tea, i. 443. 



Verbascum verulentum, hairs, i. 324. 



Verbena o£B.cinalis, honey protection, ii. 241. 



Verbenaceee, ii. 771. 



Vernation, crumpled, i. 349. 



— in relation to transpiration, i. 348. 



— of pinnate leaves, i. 350. 



— plaited, i. 349. 



Veronica, opening of flower, ii. 212. 



Veronica, protogynous, ii. 311. 



— seed dispersed by rain, ii. 846. 



— stamens as insect platform, ii. 225. 

 Veronica alpina, weather and autogamy, iL 



391. 



Veronica Anagallis, extremes of growth, ii. 

 500. 



leaves, aerial and submerged, ii. 501. 



Veronica Beccabunga, habit and tempera- 

 ture, ii. 503. 



Veronica bellidioides, weather and autoga- 

 my, ii. 391. 



Veronica chamsedrys and galls of Cecidomyia 

 VeronicEB, ii. 547. 



elevation of petioles, i. 419. 



inflorescence, ii. 226- 



insects and pollen, ii. 245. 



weather and autogamy, ii. 391. 



Veronica hederifolia, origin of flower-stalk, 

 i. 737. 



Veronica maritima, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica officinalis, elevation of petioles, L 

 419. 



gall-mites anddoubling of flowers, ii. 553. 



honey protection, ii. 241. 



Veronica poUita, light and growth, ii. 508. 



Veronica praecox, anthocyanin, i. 512. 



Veronica saxatilis, gall-mites and flower 

 metamorphosis, ii. 548. 



Veronica scutellata, weaving habit, i. 674. 



Veronica spicata, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica spuria, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Verrucaria calciseda, heat resistance, i. 554. 



Verrucaria purpurascena, heat resistance, L 

 554. 



Versatile anther, ii. 90. 



of Grasses, ii. 141. 



Verticillatae, general characteristics, ii. 646. 



Verticordia ocidata, seed-dispersal, ii. 855. 



Vervain. See Verbetia officinalis. 



Vessels, absence in seedling of Cuscuta, i. 172. 



— in young Orobanche, i. 184. 



— laticif erous, i. 470. 



— nature of, i. 46. 



— size, i. 362. 



— spiral, i. 471. 



— various, i. 469. 



Vetch, Bitter. See Orobus vernus. 



Vetches, S. Europe, phyllodes, i. 335. 



VibmTium lantana, behaviour of stamens, L 

 740. 



deciduous stellate hairs, i. 354, 



geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



scent, ii. 200. 



texture of mite-gall, ii. 533. 



unfolding leaves, i. 349. 



Viburnum Lentago, i. 488. 



Viburnum Opulus, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



peripheral flowers, ii. 187. 



scent, ii. 200, 



water- absorption, direct from atmo- 

 sphere, i, 238. 



Vicia, how protected, i. 451. 



— keel movements and pollen-brush, ii. 252. 



— seeds and heat, i. 555. 



— tendrils, i. 693. 



Vicia amphicarpa, cleistogamy, ii. 393. 

 Vicia Cracca, elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 Vicia dumetorum, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 ViciaPaba, colour-contrast of flowers, ii. 189. 

 Vicia Melanops, ii. 190. 

 Vicia picta, ii. 190. 



Vicia pisiformis, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Vicia sepium, elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 Vicia sylvatica, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Victoria regia, anthocyanin, i. 521. 



colour contrast of flower, ii. 190. 



in the River Amazon. PI. XI. 



leaf and transpiration, i. 288. 



position of stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



prickles, i. 433. 



protective isolation by water, ii. 234. 



size of flowers, ii. 185. 



venation, i. 636. 



Vienna, time of flowering, i. 518. 

 Villarsia, allurement by petals, ii. 171. 



— leaf-rosettes, i. 412. 



