BIRDS OF NEW YORK STATE 123 



Yellowthroat, Maryland (Geothlypis trichas trie has) 



Found in all parts of the State as a summer resident. It pre- 

 fers a swampy or moist locality; sometimes associated with 

 marsh wrens and swamp sparrows. 5.33 



Call no. 

 Nu YeMl Adult Male over Nest. (June 9, 191S) Allen 



Nu YeM2 Adult Female Entering Nest. (June 9, 1915) Allen 



The nest is deep and the bird is letting herself down carefully 

 upon the eggs. 



Nu YeM4 Adult Incubating. (June 9, 1915) Allen 



The nest was in the sedges bordering a marsh. 



Nu YeMS Overturned Nest. Potters swamp, Brancfaport. (June 1, 

 1913) Burtch 



GENERAL TOPICAL STUDIES 



As the study of individual species of birds progresses one 

 should note relations and begin to form in mind significant 

 groupings of whatever has been observed. 



The following' topics are offered as suggestions. The call 

 numbers are those of pictures that seem to be good illustrations 

 of the topics named. Only a limited number of the most 

 typical species have been chosen to illustrate each point. 

 Other birds might as well have been used and teachers should 

 encourage the application of the principles involved to all birds 

 and draw from pupils the names of other species that illus- 

 trate each phase of the subject. Thus when discussing color and 

 sex, the pupils should be asked to make a list of all the birds in 

 which the males and females are different. And in a study of 

 protective coloration, lists of birds that have banner marks, rup- 

 tive marks or obvious counter shading should be made and the 

 color patterns should be studied from the point of view of the 

 bird's environment to determine if there is any correlation. 



Mating and Nesting 

 1 Courtship : accomplished by song and display of plumage 



With the arrival of the females, courtship commences imme- 

 diately, though a few^ species seem to be mated when they arrive 



