146 THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 



d Diving 



Canvasback Nu Cal 



Canvasback, flock swimming Nu Ca6 



e Running and scratching 



Ring-necked pheasant Nu PjR 



/ Defense 



Ring-necked pheasant Nu PjR7 



g Catching prey 



Duck hawk Nu HDS 



h Rudder 



Scaup duck Nu DuS9 



Bittern Nu BiA9 



i Lack of use bringing on degeneration 



Kingfisher Nu KiB6 



Nighthawk Nu Ni7 



6 The eyes 



o Position and significance 



(1) Normal, on sides of head, seeing distinctly on either 



side, 180 degrees, without turning head ; enemies come 

 from any direction 



Wood thrush Nu TiW6 



(2) Both directed forward as in man, must turn head to see ; 



such birds usually sit with back to trunk of a tree 



Great horned owl Nu OwG 



Barn owl Nu OwB 



(3) Eyes somewhat dorsal, can see above and backward; 



enemies come from above 



Woodcock Nu Wo 



(4) Eyes somewhat ventral, in order to see when peculiar 



pose is assumed in the presence of enemies 

 Least bittern Nu BiL7 



b Size and significance 



Nocturnal birds and those living in dark woodlands have 

 larger eyes than those working by day and in bright open 

 country. 



