172 THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 



No. 1 is doubtless a dead cardinal. Compare the eye with that 

 of no. 2. Note how dull and expressionless it is. How do the 

 crests differ? The entire pose or expression of no. 2 is animated, 

 that of no. 1 is lifeless. In this entire collection of bird pictures 

 there is not one of a live bird on such a perch as that of no. 1. 

 In photographing a bird the camera must almost always be set 

 up in advance. Even if a bird would choose such a perch as this, 

 one could not anticipate its doing so. The "nature faker" who 

 made the photograph had two motives for putting a stuffed bird 

 in this position, first, to. give an attractive setting; second, to 

 cover the wires or other means of fastening the specimen to the 

 perch. 



Compare nos. 3 and 4. Note especially that in this case, where 

 the faker did not conceal the support of the bird, the feet are 

 almost entirely covered with earth. What other evidences can 

 you observe that one bird was dead and the other alive ? Honesty 

 is the first requisite of one who would be a real student. One of 

 the ends of learning is to detect untruth. 



Doctor Allen photographing himself and a 



chickadee Nu Ci86 



Prairie horned lark sitting on camera with 



which she had just been photographed 



feeding her young Nu LdP8 



Doctor Chapman photographing himself and 



an osprey Nu Os7 



Chickadee nest shown by cutting out piece of 



tree trunk Nu Ci3 



Chickadee Nu Ci6 



Bluebird on electric perch Nu Bml 



Umbrella Blind Set Up in Cat-tails; Two 



Young Red-winged Blackbirds on Perch 



before Opening for Camera. Ithaca. 



(1915) Allen Nu ZP 



Trailer Blind of G. A. Bailey for Observing 



and Photographing Birds. (April 1917) Nu ZPl 



This trailer Mr Bailey attaches to a Ford car. It is large 

 enough to live in comfortably. Note openings for outlooks and 

 cameras. 



