94 A AfODliL D.Min' P.ARN. 



With tlie cattle facing out, it is important to have the fresh air enter the 

 stable near tlie ceiHng and jnst in front of tlieni, while the foul air is taken from 

 the stable by four large, well Ijuilt, wooden ventilators, two at either end, and 

 close to the center driveway, liuilt of two thicknesses of dressed and matched 

 lioards with paper between, in onler tn keep these air cliutes as near the temper- 

 ature of the barn as possible. If liUed with frost or ice the foul air will not 

 escape as readily. These run through the roof of the barn and a little above 

 the ridge, and have no bends or eur\es in them, because every bend and curve 

 lessens the capacit}- of the ventilator. 



It is very important to figure the e.\act amount of ventilation required for a 

 certain size stable, and it is an advantage to have surplus ventilation. For 

 example: This barn requires ventilation to the amount of fifty thousand pounds 

 of live stock, and is so constructed as to give a surplus, which is considered an 

 advantage, as it is much easier to close the incoming and outgoing air chutes 

 than it would be to open doors and windows to help out deficient ventilation. 



If however, it is desired to face the cattle in, it is important to bring fresh 

 air from the outside of the building, between the floor and ceiling, and have it 

 empty just in front and above the cattle. The foul air should be taken out 

 through four well built ventilators, one located at each corner of the barn. 



Where the driveway is in the center, as in this building, it is important to 

 arrange so that its surface is a very few inches above the level of the ground, and 

 the gutters on either side of this driveway should be four inches deep next to it, 

 and ten inches deep next to the cattle. 



The platform on which the cattle stand measures in length 4 ft. 8 in. on one 

 side of the barn, and 4 ft. 10 in. on the other, and the bottom of the manger is 2 

 inches higher than the floor on which the cattle stand. The feed alley in front 

 of the cows is 6 inches higher than the bottom of the manger, or 14 inches higher 

 than the middle driveway. 



The entire floors, mangers and feed alleys are of cement, with the exception 

 of the stall floors, which are of cork brick. This makes it practical to water all 

 cattle in the stable without danger of rotting the mangers. By having the feed alley 

 higher than the mangers, all leaves, or seed from hay. or roughage, can be swept 

 into the mangers, but before watering the cattle the mangers should be swept out. 

 In this way the entire barn is swept at least twice daily. 



CAUTION: Be sure that all cement floors traveled by the live stock have 

 a rough surface, so as to prevent animals from slipping. 



The stone wall which comes up 3 ft. above the feed alley is built of hard 

 heads and cemented smoothly on the inside, and is so constructed on the top 

 surface as to support the entire weight of the barn. 



There are boxed between the studding of tlie barn, at intervals of about IS 

 ft., fresh air \-entilators, with registers at the bottom on the outside to serve 

 as intakes, and at the top on the inside. These ventilators can be opened or 

 closed according to weather conditions. The windows are double glazed, hinged 

 at the bottom, and permitted to swing in at the top, being held by two short- 

 non-rustible chains, to prevent them from tipping in too far. 



The ceiling of the first floor is sheeted, which adds greatly to the appearance 

 and warmth of the basement and also prevents dust and cobwebs from accumulat- 

 ing between the rafters. The hayloft floor is of matched fencing, so as to 

 prevent dust and dirt from sifting through. The frame of the barn can be 

 built in different styles, but the writer favors plank construction, or what is 



