239 



Art. 3. Vessels proceeding from an uncontaminated Ottoman or foreign port and 

 which are provided with the certificate mentioned in article 2 shall be free to moor 

 at the quay if it is proved that the vessel has been disinfected within a period of forty 

 days; if not, the vessel will operate in the port or at anchor. 



Vessels in a similar case not provided with this certificate but which can prove by 

 the journal of the vessel that they have not sailed within a period of four months to a 

 contaminated port shall be authorized to moor at the quay. 



Art. 4. Vessels mooring at the quay must be at a distance of from 1 to 2 meters 

 (39J inches to 78i inches) maximum. During night they must draw up the gang- 

 ways and ladders, and must leave no towline suspended without protecting it with 

 funnels, brush wood, etc. 



The vessels working in the harbor must also protect their towlines in the same 

 manner. 



It is prohibited for lighters and boats to remain attached to these vessels during the 

 night outside of the time for working. 



Art. 5. The above-mentioned vessels, mooring at the quay and on the Way to an 

 Ottoman port, shall be required after having finished the loading and discharging of 

 cargo, to pass through the disinfection prescribed by article 1 if their certificate of dis- 

 infection mentioned by article 3 is found to be out of date, and also as long as the 

 city of Constantinople shall be considered as contaminated. 



Art. 6. Vessels coming from uncontaminated quarters, although not under any 

 restraint, are free to go to any lazaretto in the Empire and ask to be disinfected accord- 

 ing to article 1; the latter will work without delay so as to prevent loss of time as much 

 as possible. 



Art. 7. The expenses of disinfection are to be paid by the vessels disinfected. 



Art. 8. Captains, doctors, or any officers of vessels are expected to furnish the sani- 

 tary authorities with all information asked for relating to the presence of rats and mice 

 on board the vessel. 



RAT EXTERMINATION IN RUSSIAN PORTS. 



In Vladivostok, according to Consul Lester Maynard, the only efforts 

 to exterminate rats were made by the commissary department of the 

 army. Poisons, which had for their active principle caustic lime, were 

 distributed but were not entirely satisfactory, as the baits were not 

 sufficiently tempting food. 



The keeping of cats had been recommended as the best method 

 of extermiaating rodents, and it had been suggested that skunks, 

 weasels, and similar animals should not be killed, as they are the 

 best destroyers of rats and mice. 



In Riga and Libau there were no laws and regulations prescribing 

 a systematic extermination of rats. The consul reported that only 

 in case of plague did the sanitary authorities order a thorough 

 destruction of rats not only on ships but also in warehouses^ and 

 private dwellings. The steamship companies, however, were said to 

 employ rat poison on their vessels, and, in addition, the ships were 

 thoroughly disinfected by means of sulphur fumes several times a 



^^In Odessa it was reported by Consul J. H. Grout that the pubhc health 

 officers of the port had been fully alive to the. importance of exter- 

 minating rats in order to prevent plague. In 1901 a systematic 



