26 GEWEEAL ACTIONS OF DRUGS 



action only is required the saline should be administered in 

 considerable dilution. This happens because salines con- 

 tinue to cause an outpouring of fluid (succus enterieus) into 

 the intestines until a 5 to 6 per cent, solution of the salt is 

 reached. The nearer to this degree of dilution (5-6 per 

 cent.), therefore, the dose is given, the more quickly will it 

 purge. 



The drastics included in this class of purgatives have 

 the power of markedly increasing intestinal secretion as well 

 as peristaltic action. 



5. Cholagogue Purgatives. — Cholagogues are agents 

 which assist in removing bile from the body. They are sup- 

 posed to do this in two ways. 1. By directly stimulating the 

 secretion of bile. These are called Direct Cholagoguesj or 

 Hepatic Stimulants. 2. By increasing peristalsis in the 

 upper portion of the small intestines, and thus hastening the 

 expulsion of bile from! the bowels. These are called Indirect 

 Cholagogues. Some cholagogues are not generally considered 

 purgatives, but it is proper to classify all of them thus, since 

 bile stimulates peristalsis. 



StrPPOSEDLY DIRECT CHOLAGOGUES. 



*Sodium Salicylate *Sodium Phosphate 



*Podophyllum Ipecac 



Aloes Euonymus 



Rhubarb *Nitro--hydroehlorie Acid 



Col eh i cum Corrosive Sublimate 

 Sodium Sulphate 



These experiments may not apply to all animals owing 

 to the differences in food requirements and anatomy. The 

 drugs marked with an asterisk have been found by clinical 

 evidence most valuable. 



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