262 INORGANIC AGENTS 



SECTION XI. 

 Acids. 



AoiDUM Hydeochlokicum. Hydrochloric Acid. H CI. 



(U. S. & B. P.) 

 (Muriatic Acid.) 



Synonym. — Acidum hydrocliloratum, S. chlorliydricum, 

 E.; acide chlorhydrique S. miiiiatique, Fr.; salzsaiire, G. 



A liquid composed of 31.9 per cent., by weight, of abso- 

 lute hydrochloric acid, and 68.1 per cent, of water. (U. 8. P.) 



Derivation. — Distil together sulphuric acid, sodium 

 chloride and water. The resulting hydrochloric acid gas is 

 passed into distilled water, while acid sodium sulphate 

 remains in the retort and is further acted upon by sodium 

 chloride. 2 Na CI + H,S O, = H CI + Na HSO, ; then : 

 .JSTa HSO, + Na CI = H CI + Na,SO,. 



Properties. — A colorless, fuming liquid, of a pungent 

 odor and an intensely acid taste. Spec, gr., about 1.163 at 

 15° C. (59° P.) Miscible, in all proportions, with water 

 and alcohol. 



Incom/patihles. — Alkaline and other carbonates, and lead 

 and silver salts. 



preparations. 



Acidum Htdrochlorioum Dilutum, Acidum Nitkohydroohloricum, 



Acidum Nitrohydrochloricum Dilutum. 



Acidum Eydrochloricum Dilutum. Diluted Hydrochloric Acid. 



(U. S. & B. P.) 



(Diluted Muriatio Acid.) 



Derivation. — Hydrochloric acid, 100; distilled water, 319. Diluted 

 hydrochloric acid contains 10 per cent, of absolute hydrochloric acid. 

 (U. S. P.) 



Properties. — It does not fume in the air and is without odor. 

 Spec, gr., 1.050. Otherwise corresponds to hydrochloric acid. (U. S. P.) 



Dose.— H., 3i.-ii. (4.-8.); C, 3 ii.-iv. (8.-15.); Sh., 3 ss.-i. (2.-4.); 

 Sw. & D., mx.-xxx. (.6-2.). 



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