ACETANILID 319 



and restlessness. Chloral is given per rectum in tetanus, so 

 as to keep the animal continually narcotized, and may be 

 employed in conjunction with tetanus antitoxin. 



Spasm of the os uteri is relieved by chloral when given 

 per rectum in frequently repeated doses, until the safe physio- 

 logical limit is reached. Chloral is inferior to ether or chloro- 

 form as an anesthetic, because it is not so safe, nor is the 

 anesthesia so complete, but it relieves pain effectually, and is 

 more easily administered. It is combined, in order to produce 

 anesthesia, with small doses of morphine, which decidedly en- 

 hance the anodyne action of chloral. 



To prepare a horse for surgical operation, 3 grains of 

 morphine sulphate and 1 grain of atropine sulphate may be 

 injected under the skin, followed in 10 minutes by an enema 

 containing 1 ounce of chloral.* 



Class 5.— Antipyretics and Analgesics. 



AcETANiLiDUM. Acetanilid. CeH.N H C^HjO. (U.S.&B.P.) 



Synonym. — Phenylacetamide, antifebrin. 



An acetyl derivative of aniline. 

 ■ Derivation. — Glacial acetic acid and aniline are distilled 

 together, and the residue is purified by repeated crystalliza- 

 tion. H O.HgO, + C<,H,N H, = C„H,]Sr H. G^Ufi + H^O. 



Properties. — White, shining micaceous crystalline laminas, 

 or a crystalline powder, odorless, having a faintly burning 

 taste, and permanent in the air. Soluble in 194 parts of water, 

 and in 5 parts of alcohol; also soluble in 18 parts of ether, 

 and easily soluble in chloroform. 



Dose.— H., 3 i.-ii. (4.-8.) ; Sh. & Sw., 3 ss.-i. (2.-4.) ; D., 

 gr.iii.-vii. (.2-.5). 



ACETPHENETIDINUM, ACETPHENETEDIN. Phenacetin. 



C,oH,3NO, (177.79). (U. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Phenacetinum, B. P.; para-acetphenetidin, 

 C„H,0 C2H5N H C2H3O + H^O (178.63), 



♦Chloral (H., S l.-iss. ; D., 3 ss.-ii., in 10% solution) injected into 

 the peritoneal cavity will produce surgical anesthesia and is useful in 

 colic in horses with bariuna chloride by mouth. In flatulent colic, first 

 puncture to allow escape of gas. 



The writer has found the method generally safe and efficient in 

 lapartomies in dogs but occasionally inefficient, and deaths have occurred 

 from over-dose and peritonitis. The morphine and drop-ether anesthesia 

 is safer and more satisfactory in dogs, see p. 300, footnote. 



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