STOVAINE 439 



Stovaine. (CiJIaiNOJiCl). 



Occurs in small, lustrous scales, very soluble in water 

 and alcohol. It is used as a substitute for cocaine but is only 

 -^ as toxic; slower to induce anaesthesia (15 to 30 minutes) ; 

 and the anaesthesia is of longer duration (2 hours). Solu- 

 tions may be boiled without harm to the drug. 



It produces some vasomotyr relaxation, but solutions 

 may be combined with Tf|,s. of adrenalin solution to avert 

 this. 3 to 5 grs. in 3 6 of sterile water may be used safely 

 and successfully in spaying bitches of setter size (gr. ii. for 

 fox terriers). 3 2 4^ are injected intraperitoneally in the re- 

 gion of the internal inguinal rings, on each side, and 3 1. into 

 the skin incision. After keeping the animal on its back for 

 20 or 30 minutes the operation is begun.* (Eggleston & 

 Miller, Am. Vet. Eeview, Jan., 1907.) 



SECTIOIS" v.— DRUGS ACTING ON" THE 

 SECRETORY NERVES. 



Class I. — Pilocarpus and Pilocarpine. 



PiLOCAEPDS. Pilocarpus. (U. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Jaborandi, B. P. ; the leaflets of Pilocarpus 

 Jaborandi Holmes, or of Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf. 

 (Fam. Rutacese), yielding not less than 0.5 per cent, of 

 alkaloids. 



Habitat. — Brazil, in the neighborhood of Pernambuco. 



Description. — About 10 to 15 cm. long, and 4 to 6 cm. 

 broad ; short stalked, oval or ovate-oblong, entire and slightly 

 revolute at the margin, obtuse and emarginate, unequal at 

 the base, dull green, coriaceous, pellucid-punctate, mostly 

 smooth; when bruised, slightly aromatic; taste somewhat 

 bitter and pungent. 



Constituents. — 1. Pilocarpine, C1JI1QN2O2 (•25-.5 per 



spinal fluid are permitted to escape to prove entrance into the spinal 

 canal. Five cc. of a sterilized 10 per cent, aqueous gelatin solution, con- 

 taining 10m. of adrenalin (1-1000 solution) and 0.02 to 0.04 gm. of 

 cocaine, are then injected through the trocar and the puncture sealed 

 with iodoform collodion. _ 



* Cocaine (gr. 1/4-1/2) injected into the muscle of the abdominal 

 wall in dogs, along the line of incision, will induce anaesthesia of the 

 ahdominal organs; so one need not use the dangerous intra-abdominal 

 injections. 



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