440 VEGETABLE DRUGS 



cent.), is the alkaloid to which jaborandi owes its principal 

 effect. 2. Jaborine, 0221132^404, an alkaloid resembling 

 atropine in its action on the heart, pupils^ intestines and sali- 

 varj glands. It occurs occasionally as an impurity in com- 

 mercial pilocarpine, to which it is antagonistic. It is soluble 

 in alcohol. 3. Pilocarpidine (C]oHi4]Sr202), an alkaloidal 

 product of the decompositicpi of pilocarpine, which it resem- 

 bles in action but is weaker. It is soluble in alcohol. 

 ,4. Jaborandine is another alkaloid resulting from the de- 

 compositioh of pilocarpine, and is similar to atropine. 

 These atropine-like principles are never present in sufficient 

 quantity to wholly antagonize the predominant action of pilo- 

 carpine in jaborandi. 5. A peculiar acid. 0. A volatile oil. 

 Dose.— 11. & C, .5ii.-iv. (8.-15.); Sh. & Sw., 5 ss.-l. 

 (2.-4.); D., gr.v.-oi. (.3-4.). 



PREPARATIONS. 



Fluidextractum Pilocarpi. Fluidextract of Pilocarpus. (U.S. P.) 



Made by maceration and percolation with diluted alcohol, and 

 evaporation, so that 1 cc.=l gm. of the crude drug. Each 100 ec. of 

 the fluidextract contains 0.4 gm. of the alkaloids from pilocarpus. 



Dose.— a. & C, 3ii.-iv. (8.-15.); Sh. & Sw., 3 ss.-i (2.-4.); D., 

 Tn,v.-3i. (.4-4.). 



Extractum Jaborandi Liquidum. (B. P.) 



Dose same as above for fluidextract. 



PiLocAEPiN/B Hydeochloeidum. Pilocarpine Hydrach- 

 lorid. Oil Hie IS^2 O2 H 01. (U. S. P.) 



Derivation. — The hydrochloride of an alkaloid obtained 

 from pilocarpus, with alcohol and hydrochloric acid by dis- 

 tillation and evaporation. The residue is dissolved in a 

 slight excess of ammonia and chloroform, shaken with water, 

 and neutralized with hydrochloric acid. Crystals of the 

 hydrochloride form on evaporation. The salt is purified by 

 recrystallization. 



Properties. — Small, white crystals, odorless and having 

 a faintly bitter taste ; deliquescent on exposure to damp air. 

 Very soluble in. water and in alcohol; almost insoluble in 

 ether or in chloroform. 



Dose. — IT., sialogogne, gr.i.-ii. (.06-.12) ; cathartic, 

 gr.ii.-v. (.12-.3) ; 0., cathartic, gr.v.-x. (.3.-.6) ; H., diar- 

 phoretic, gr.vi -xii (.36-.'i'2), dangerous; Sh., gr.i. (.06); 

 ■D.,gr. 1/10-1/3 (.006-.02). 



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