OIL OP TUEPENTINE 499 



Synonym. — Spirit of turpentine, E.; essence de terebin- 

 thine, Er.; terpentinol, G. 



Properties. — A thiu, colorless liquid, having a character- 

 istic odor and taste, both of which become stronger and less 

 pleasant by age and exposure to the air. Spec. gr. 0.855 to 

 0.870. Soluble in three times its volume of alcohol ; also 

 soluble in an equal volume of glacial acetic acid. 



Solvent for resins (varnish), fats, wax, gutta percha, 

 india rubber, sulphur, phosphorus, iodine, and many alka- 

 loids. It is dextro-rotatory, but the French variety is leavo- 

 rotatory. Old oil of turpentine and French oil of turpentine 

 (Pinus maratima) are< oxidizing agents. 



Constituents. — Turpentine contains 20 to 25 per cent, of 

 oil of turpentine. Oil of turpentine is composed of several 

 isomeric hydrocarbons, called terpenes, and having the 

 formula Ci„Hi5. 



Among these terpenes are oil of juniper, savin, cubeb, 

 caraway, cloves, thyme, etc. They differ from each other 

 and turpentine in their boiling points and direction in 

 which they rotate the plane of polarization. The terpenes 

 are oxidized into camphors. 



Dose.— Carminative— S.. & C, §i.-ii (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw., 

 3i.-iv. (4.-15.); D.,1TLx. -XXX. (.6-2.). 



Anthelmintic— R. & C, 5ii.-iv. (60.-120.); D., 3ss.-iT. 

 (2.-15.). 



Diuretic— R. & C, 3 ii.-vi. (8.-24.). 



PREPARATIONS. 



Linimentum Terbinthince. Turpentine Liniment. (U. S. & B. P.) 

 Resin cerate, 650 ; oil of turpentine, 350 ; melt the resin cerate and 

 add the oil of turpentine. ' (XJ. S. P.) 



Oleum Terebinthince Rectificatum. Rectified Oil of Turpentine. 



(U. S. P.) 

 Derivation.— Made by shaking oil of turpentine, 1, with lime water, 

 6; and distillation. 



Properties.— A thin, colorless liquid, having the same properties as 

 oil of turpentine. 



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