500 VEGETABLE DRUGS 



Teeebenum. Terebene. C,„H,e (U. S. & B. P.) 



A liquid consisting chiefly of pinene, and containing not 

 more than very small proportions of turpinene and dipentene. 

 Made by action of sulphuric acid on oil of turpentine and by 

 distillation. 



Properties. — A colorless, or slightly yellowish, thin 

 liquid, having a rather agreeable, thyme-like odor, and an 

 aromatic, somewhat terebinthinate taste. Spec. gr. about 

 0.862. Only slightly soluble in water, but soluble in an 

 equal volume of alcohol, glacial acetic, or carbon disulphide. 



I)ose.—B.. & C, 3ii-vi. (8.-24); n].v.-xv. (.3-1.). 



Tekpini Hydras. Terpin Hydrate. Ci„His (OH), -1- HjO. 

 (U. S. P.) 



The hydrate of the diatomic alcohol, Terpin. 



Derivation. — Eectified oil of turpentine, alcohol and 

 nitric acid are mixed together in shallow, porcelain dishes, 

 and after three or four days terpin hydrate crystallizes 

 out. The crystals are collected, drained, dried on absorbent 

 paper, and purified by recrystallization in alcohol.* 



OIL OF TURPENTINE 



Action External. — Oil of turpentine is an irritant to the 

 skin, causing itching, pain and redness, or even vesication, 

 followed by local anaesthesia. It produces intense irritability 

 and restlessness when applied externally to some horses. 

 The oil is antiseptic, disinfectant and parasiticide, being 

 more penetrating on the skin than mustard or cantharides. 



Action Internal.— ^Alimentary Canal. — The oil induces a 

 sense of warmth in the stomach (man), and increases gastric 

 secretion, motion and vascularity, but is too disagreeable to 

 be used as a stomachic. In acting similarly in the bowels, 

 particularly in stimulating the muscular coat, oil of turpen- 

 tine is a useful carminative by exciting peristalsis and expel- 

 ling gas in tympanites. Its antiseptic properties also antag- 

 onize intestinal fermentation. 



* Colorless, odorless crystals, having a somewliat bitter taste. Soluble in 

 350 parts of water and in 10 parts ol alcohol. 



Dose.— a. I ss.-ii. (3.-8.); D., gr.v.-xx. (.3-1.3). 



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