368 THE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATED ANIMALS. 



perpendicular ramus of the mandible is very wide, and some- 

 what like that of the Tapir in shape. The posterior margin 

 of the bony palate is opposite the anterior edge of the last 

 molar tooth. 



The scapula is devoid of an acromion process, as in the 

 Pmssodactyla. There are no clavicles, but the coracoid pro- 

 cess is well developed. The ulna is complete, and a rudiment 

 of the pollex is present. In the carpus, a line prolonging the 

 axis of the third metacarpal bisects the os magnum and the 

 lunare, which is not the case in any Ungulate Mammal. 



In the hind-limb, the femur possesses a small third tro- 

 chanter, which is not nearly so conspicuous as in some Ro- 

 dents. The tibia and fibula are complete. The extremity of 

 the inner malleolus articulates with a slielf-like process of the 

 astragalus, the distal face of which bone has no facet for the 

 cuboid. The digits i. and v. are not represented even by rudi- 

 ments. The terminal phalanx of ii. is longitudinally cleft. 



The dentition of the adult is i. jr^ c. 5T0 jo.wi. ^-rj, and 



m. jT-j. The outer upper incisors are very small, and soon 



fall out ; the inner, which are very large, curved, and have a 

 thick coat of enamel on their anterior faces, continue to gro^v 

 throughout life, as in Rodents. The lower incisors have 

 crowns denticulated at the edges, like those of Galeopithecus 

 and some Bats. They bite upon a callous pad which lies be- 

 hind the upper incisors. The patterns of the upper and lower 

 molar teeth are very similar to those of the corresponding 

 teeth in Rhinoceros. As in the Horse, part of the Eustachian 

 tube is dilated into a thin-walled sac extending on the inner 

 side of the bulla tympani from the pterygoid processes to the 

 exit of the ninth nerve. 



A slight constriction marks oiF the cardiac from the pyloric 

 division of the stomach. The cardiac portion is lined by a 

 dense epithelium. The intestine is provided with three cseca 

 — one in the ordinar}' position, and two placed much lower 

 down on the colon, opposite one another, and terminating by 

 pointed ends. There is no gall-bladder. The ureters open, 

 not near the neck of the bladder as in ilammals general!}', but 

 near the fundus, as in some few Rodents. 



The male has vesiculce semi?iales, prostatic and Cowperian 

 glands. The uterus is two horned, and the vulva and anus are 

 surrounded by a common fold of integument. 



In the foetus the yelk-sac and the vitello-intestinal duct 

 early disappear. The amnion is not vascular. The allantoia 



