The Clumber Spaniel 221 



haw, by altering the standard. If that is followed out then there will be 

 less lower lip in the accepted hawless specimens and a tendency to loss of 

 that expression and character which is so distinctly Clumber in type. An 

 exaggerated showing of the haw and no haw at all are equally incorrect. 



If we are to believe that the painting by Wheatly of the Duke of 

 Newcastle and his spaniels is an accurate representation of the Clumbers 

 of that early date as to size and general appearance, then there is but one 

 conclusion to arrive at and that is to attribute the Clumber of 1875-1900 

 to advanced selection along a line of type originally bred for at Clumber. 

 The spaniels at Clumber in the year 1807 were and had been for thirty 

 years under the care of William Mansell, and were then known as the Duke's 

 or Mansell's breed, and most assuredly Mr. Mansell had an ideal type if 

 that was the case. A man can accomplish a great deal in thirty years in 

 altering and moulding a breed, and how much longer Mansell lived we do 

 not know. We need go no farther in illustration of what can be accom- 

 plished in making type by selection than Boston, with its "round-headed 

 bull and terrier" of 1890 and the Boston terrier of to-day, or to speak more 

 correctly, of 1885 and 1895, for it was well established before it was recog- 

 nised by the American Kennel Club in 1892. 



The distinction of hunting mute is also something quite possible to 

 secure by selection, for the Duke of Albemarle had large black and tan 

 spaniels that were mute; the Sussex was very nearly so, and if pains had been 

 taken to breed for that peculiarity it might doubtless have been established 

 in that breed. So that there is nothing whatever in the case of the Clumber 

 which needs any explanation beyond selection and breeding to a type 

 fancied by those in charge of or who owned the strain. 



We will now give what is recorded of the variety under its name of 

 Clumber. In "The Dog," written by Stonehenge, probably in 1868 — 

 the second edition is dated 1872 — the description given is as follows: "A 

 remarkably long, low, and somewhat heavy dog. In weight he is from 

 thirty to forty pounds. Height, eighteen to twenty inches. The head is 

 heavy, wide and full, the muzzle broad and square, generally of a flesh 

 colour. Nostrils open and chops full and somewhat pendant. Ears long 

 and clothed with wavy hair, not too thick. Body very long and strong, 

 the back ribs being very deep, and the chest being very round and barrel- 

 like, the ribs at the same time being so widely separated from each other as 

 to make the interval between them and the hips small in proportion to the 



