The Cereals. 99 



Barley, 

 Hordeum vulgar e, L. 



Hind. — Jau, Jow, Jawa. Beng. — Jab. Tamil — Barali-arishi. Tehigu — Yavala, 

 Barali-bujyam. Deccan — Satd. Guj.— 1^\x, Ymwah. Burma — Muya. 

 A^i/— Tosa. Kangra — Yoa. North- West Provinces — Indurjou, Yurk. 



Sanskrit — Situshiika, Yuva. 



This well-known annual grass produces many stems, 2 to 3 feet 

 high, from a single grain. There are many strongly marked forms 

 of this cereal, but it is now generally believed by botanists that 

 they are all referable to a single species. The variety called 

 " Six-rowed " {H. hexastichon) is the one usually grown in India ; 

 another kind, cultivated in the inner Himalaya and Tibet, much 

 resembles wheat in the form of the ear, and in the fact that the 

 grains are naked. 



The cultivation of barley is practically confined to Northern 

 India, rather more than one-third of the total being grown in the 

 Punjab, and a little under two-thirds in the North- West ; the 

 Allahabad and Benares Divisions show the largest areas in the 

 latter province. In the Punjab this crop is heaviest in the South 

 and South- East, and scarcely extends along or across the Indus. 

 In the north of Bombay a little barley is grown. 



Generally barley is sown in October-November, and reaped in 



February, March, or April. Where indigo is grown in the kharif, 



barley is its usual accompaniment in the rabi. It is often cultivated 



in light or sandy soils and usually receives but little manure. 



Messrs. Duthie and Fuller estimated the yield of grain when it is 



grown alone at 16 maunds when twice irrigated, at lo^maunds 



when not irrigated ; the straw amounts to about i >^ times the 



weight of the grain. It is sown and cultivated in the same way 



as wheat, but needs fewer ploughings. It is often grown with 



wheat or pulse. 



Composition of Barley (Husked). 



II 2 



