558 



EULOPllIELLA 



Elisabethse, Lind. & Rolfe. Fls. 2-2K in. across, usu- 

 ally 2-4 iu the drooping cluster ; sepals and petals ovate ; 

 labellum oscillator}'; anterior lobe yellow. B.M. 7387. 

 R.B. 21:181. l.H. 40:173. 



Peetersiana, Kriinz. ( G r<irnmatophiiJlum IiO?mplerL- 

 amim, Reichb. f. ). Lvs. 2—4 ft. long: scape 3-4 ft. long: 

 fls. 3-4 in. across: sepals bright purple and blotched 

 at tip; petals purple, unblotched; Up white, purple- 

 bordered, with 4 erect crests. G.C. III. 23:200. Gn. 53, 

 p. 379. (See G.C. Til. 20:353). Oakes Ames. 



ETTCNYMTJS (ancient Greek name), ^yn., Br<»iymns. 

 Celastruceie. Spindle Tree. Bukking Bush. Straw- 

 BERKY Bush. Ornamental, deciduous or evergreen 

 shrubs of upright or sometimes procumbent or creeping 

 habit, with opposite, simple Ivs. and rather inconspic- 

 uous greenish, whitish or purplish fls. in axillary cymes; 

 very attractive in fall, with their handsome scarlet, pink 

 or whitish, capsular frs., showing the bright orange 

 seeds when opening, and with the splendid fall coloring 

 which most of the species assume, especially J'J. alafiis, 

 E. HamiltonianuHj J^Juropcpus and utropurpureHS. 

 The Spindle Trees grow in almost any soil, and are 

 well adapted for shrublieries. Most of the cultivated 

 deciduous species, except those from Himalayas, are 

 hardy North, while of the evergreen ones only E. radi- 

 cans is fairly hardy, and, on account of its greater 

 hardiness, is often used North as a substitute of the ivy 

 for covering walls, rocks and trunks of trees, climbing, 

 if planted in good soil, to a height of 15 and sometimes 

 20 ft. E. EuropceKS, and South the evergreen E. Ja- 

 ponicus, are sometimes used for hedges. Prop, by seeds, 

 usually stratified and sown in spring, or by cuttings of 

 ripened wood in fall. The evergreen species grow 

 readily from cuttings of half-ripened wood under glass 

 in fall or during the winter in the greenhoxise. Varie- 

 ties are sometimes grafted or budded on stock of their 

 typical species. About 40 species are known in the 

 northern hemisphere, extending also from S. Asia to 

 Australia. Shrubs or small trees, with usually more or 

 less quadrangular branches and opposite, usually gla- 

 brous and serrate Its.: fls. small, in axillary cymes, 

 4^5-merous, generally perfect; style and stamens short, 

 the latter inserted on a disk: fr. a 3-5-lobed, somewhat 

 fleshy capsule, each dehiscent valve containing 1 or 2 

 seeds enclosed in a generally orange-colored aril; the 

 seed itself is usually white. The wood is tough, close- 

 grained and light-colored, often almost white, andused, 

 especially in Europe, for the manufacture of small ar- 

 ticles. The bark of the American species has medical 

 properties. 



INDEX, 



alatus,'3. EiiropiBus, 0. pulchellus, 12. 



albo-niarfjinatus,12. flavescfjis, 12. puramidalis, 12. 



Americaiuis. 1, 8. graoUls, 13. radicans, 1.3. 



angustifolius, 1. Hamiltonianus, 9. repens, 13. 



argenteo - margina- Japonicus, 12. reticularis, 13. 



tus, 13. Koopniannl, 5. robustvs, 13. 



argenteo • variega- latifoliu-s, 7. roaeo - tnarginatus , 



tus. 12. linifoUus, 5. 13. 



atropurpureus, 6, 8. Maackii, 9. Sieboldianus, 9, 10. 



aureo - varicgatus, ■niacrophylhis, 12. svbtriflonis, 3. 



12. Tiiedio-pictns, 12. Thuiibergianus , 3. 



aureus, 12. rnicrophyUus , 12. variegatus, 2. 



BungeariuR, 11. luinus, r». verrucosus, 4. 



Oarricri, 13. ohnvatus, 2. viridi-varlegatns, 12. 



columnaris, 12. pallens, 12. Yeddoensis, 10. 



A. Foliage deciduous. 



B. Capsules tuherciilate, depressed-gloljose ; fls.5- 



meroHS. 



1. Americ^nus, Linn. Strawberry Bush. Upright 

 shrub, to 8 ft. : Ivs. ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 

 usually acute at the base, acuminate, crenately serrate, 

 lH-3 in. long: peduncle slender, few-fid. : fls. yellowish 

 or reddish green : fr. pink. June. From southern N. 

 York south, west to Tex. L.B.C. 14:1322. B.B. 2:394. 

 — Var. angnstifbliug, Wood {E. angusfifolius, Pursh). 

 Lvs. lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, half -evergreen South. 



2. obovatus, Nutt. (E. Americdnns, var. obovdtus, 

 Torr. & Gray). Procumbent shrub, with rooting stem 

 and erect branches, to 1 ft.: Ivs. obovate or elliptic-obo- 

 vate, crenately serrate, light green, 1-2 in. long : fls, 

 purplish : capsule usually 3-felled. May. From Canada 

 to IiKliana and Kentucky. G.P. 9:385.— It may bo used 



EUONYMUS 



for covering the ground mider large trees, or for bor- 

 ders of shrubberies. Var. variegatus, Hort., has the 

 lvs. marked pale yellow. 



BB. Capsules smooth: fh. generally 4-merous. 



c. Fr. divided to the base into 4 or less nearly 

 separate pods. 



3. alitus, Maxim. {O. ThunhergiUnus, Blume). 

 Spreading shi-ub, to 8 ft.: branches with 2-4 broad, 

 corky wings : lvs. elliptic or obovate, acute at both 

 ends, sharply serrate, 1-2 in. long : fls. 1-3, short-pe- 

 duncled, yellowish : capsule purplish, small. May, 

 June. China, Jap. — Var. subtriflorus, Franch. & Sav. 

 Branches not winged: fls. 1-5. 



QC. Fru if wore or Jess SS-lobed. 

 D. Branclu'S densely warty. 



4. verrucdsus, Scop. Erect shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. orate - 

 lanceolate, crenately serrulate, acuminate, l-23^in. long: 

 fls. slender-peduncled, 1-3, brownish: capsule deeply 4- 

 lobed, yellowish red; seed black, not wholly covered by 

 the orange aril. Southeastern Europe, W. Asia. 



DD. Branches smooth. 

 E. Anthers yellow. 



5. ninus, Bieb. Low shrub, to 2 ft., with slender, often 

 arching or sometimes procumbent and rooting branches : 

 lvs. linear or linear-oblong, mucronulate, entire or re- 

 motely denticulate and revolute at themargins, J^-lKin. 

 long: fls. slender-peduncled, purplish: capsule deeply 

 4-lobed, pink ; seed brown, not wholly covered by the 

 orange aril. May, June. W. Asia to W. China. — Hand- 

 some shrub for rockeries and rocky slopes, forming a 

 graceful, pendulous, standard tree if grafted high 07i 

 E. Eiiropceus. Fruit ripens in Aiignst, earliest of all 

 species. E. Kodpmanni is a form of this. 



G. Europaeus, Linn. Pig. 790. Erect shrub or some- 

 times small tree, to 20 ft.: lvs. ovate or oblong-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, crenately serrate, lK-2>2 in. long : fls. 

 yellowisli, in few-fid. cymes : capsule 4-lobed, usually 



790. Euonymus Europaeus (X V-j) 



pink. May. Europe to E.Asia. B.B. 2:395. — Varying 

 with narrower and broader lvs. There are also several 

 varieties with variegated lvs. and some with frs. of dif- 

 ferent colors, as var. friictu atropurpureo with deep 

 purple, £ructu coccineo witli scarlet, and hnictu dlbo 

 (var. leucocarpa, Hort.), V7ith whitish frs. Var. atro- 

 purptireus, Arb. Kew., has rather narrow purplish lvs. 



7. latiEdllus, Scop. Shrub or small tree, to 20 ft.: 

 winter tiuds slender, about J-gin. long: lvs. obovate-ob- 

 long, acuminate, crenately serrate, 2-4 in. long: fls. 

 yellowish, often 5-raerous, in slender-peduncled, rather 

 many-fld. cymes : capsule pink, large, with winged 

 lobes. S. Europe, W. Asia. B.M. 2384. — A very decora- 

 tive species, with handsome foliage and large frs. 



EE. ^inthers purpleT 

 F. Fls. purple. 



8. atropurpiireus, Jacq. Burning Bush. Shrub or 

 small tree, to 20 ft.: lvs. elliptic, acuminate, obtusely 

 serratf^ pubescent beneath, 1^2-5 in. long: fls. purple, 

 in sh^iider-peduncled, many-fld. cymes: capsule deeply 

 .3-4-lobed, scarlet. June. E. N. Amer., west to Montana. 

 B.B. 2:394. E. Americdnus, Hort- 



