GALANTHUS 



UALAX 



623 



DLt. Outer .sryinenfH 9-12 linev lonij. 

 4. Caucasicus, Baker {F. I^edoutei, Rupr.). Lys. 

 finally )S-H in. Umg, mostly 9 lines broad; outer setcments 

 oblonj^-spatulate, with a very narrow claw. Fls. later 

 than nivalis. Caucasus. Van Tubergen seems to cata- 

 logue var. mAximus of this species, but consult No. 11. 



1'. In 



CO. FoJuiije Vi'rij ijlaucoiis. 

 seynn'Hfs iri/Jt Johi'^ ra/li/'r i<prt'a>Ji 



or crispetl. 



0. Elwesii, Hook. Giant Snowdrop. Fig. 8Sf). Bull. 

 larger and tls. more globose than in nivalis: outer seg- 

 ments oblong-spatulate, 9-15 lines long, 6-9 lines broad : 

 inner segments green in the lower lialf and also aronnd 

 the sinus. Jits, of Asia 

 Minor. B.M. Gir.G. R.H. 

 1880, p. 148. G. C. II. 

 U: 230. G.M. :U:]5-i.— 

 The inner segments are 

 narrowed suddeulj' just 

 below the apical lobes, 

 which are square and 

 much larger thauiu f^os- 

 teri. They also form a 

 narrower tube than in 

 any other species. Van 

 Tubergeu advertises 

 vars. Cassaba (A. F. 



889. Galanthus nivalis and Elwesii. 

 The upper fls. are G. niralis. The lowest one is O. £hcesii' 

 The middle fls. are a variety of G. Elwesii. 

 3:471. Gng.5:180 Gt. 48, p. 225. Gn. 55, p. 20G) . ochro- 

 Bpilus, unguiculatus (G. C. III. 17:361), and Erithrae, or 

 Whittalli (Gn. 57, p. 45), which has the largest Us. G. 

 rofiustiis, Hort., seems never to have been* accounted 

 for by Baker. It n\ay perhaps be O. A'lwesii, var. 

 robustus which is a trade name. It is broad-lvd. and 

 glaucous. 

 HD. Inner segments with lobes not spreading or crisped. 



6. Graecus, Orph. Very near Elwesii, but differing as 

 above and in the smaller fls. and narrower OTiter seg- 

 ments- April. Chios. 



BBB. Width of Ivs. greatest, D~12 lines. 



0. Green color only near the sinns. 



D. Colored on both sides of the inner segments. 



7. latUdlius, Rupr. Bulb 1 in. thick : Ivs. lorate, 

 bright green ; outer segments ohlong-spatulate, 6-9 

 lines long ; inner segments green around the sinus, in- 

 side and out: anthers suddenly narrowed to a sharp 

 point, while in nivalis and Elwesii they are gradually 

 narrowed. Caucasus, where it fls. in May. G.C. II. 

 11:237; 15:404; 1868:578. Gt. 48, p. 229. 



DD. Colored on only one side. 



8. Ik^riae, Baker. Resembles Foster! in foliage, and 

 Elwesii not in coloring but in the square, crisp lobes of 

 tbe inner segments, which tend to recurve. Outer seg- 



ments nearly 1 in. long : stamens rather shorter than 

 the inner segments ; green color occupying half the 

 outside of the inner segments. Island of Nikaria (the 



classical Ikarial. See GC III. 13:506. Gn. 52, p. 36] 

 and 49. X'. 330. Int. 1893. 



<;r 





■ als" "ti the ton-er half of the inner 

 segments. 

 0. Fbsteri, Baker Resembles latifolius in foliage and 

 Elwesii in flower, but the apical lobes of the inner seg- 

 ments are short and erect, and smaller than in Elwesii. 

 Also the stamens are not more than half as long as the 

 inner segments, while in nivalis, Elwesii and latifolius 

 they are three-fourths as long. AsialMinor. Int. 18K9. 

 a Si. .34:154. 



AA. Lvs. idniti'd, the edges prrninnenflj/ ndled ha-k, 

 B. (j'reen color only near tJie sinus. 



10. plicatus, M. Bieb. Bulb larger than in nivalis: 

 outer segments oblong from a very narrow base, very 

 convex on the back, 9-12 lines long, wide-spreading or 

 even reflexed : inner segments green in the upper half, 

 with a white edge. March, April. Crimea. This is 

 ninch confounded with G. ('aHrasirxs. Ct.C. II. 11:236. 

 B.R. 7:r,4r). B.M. 2162. G.iM. 34:i:.5. 



11. grandiflorus, Baker {O. mdj-imns, Baker, not 

 Velatowsky). Possibly a hybrid between plicatus and 

 some form of nivalis, remarkalde for its robust habit 

 and green color, extending more tlian half way down to- 

 wards the base of the inner segments. Int. 1893. Se^- 

 G.C. 111. 13:354, 656. See also <>\ Canntsicns, var. 

 maximus, No. 4. 



BB. Gn-i-n ru/nr oho on /he Imrvr holfn' tlw inner 

 segments. 



12. Byzantinus, Baker. Intermediate between plica- 

 tus ami Elwesii. " Lvs '.'> in. broad," which seems 

 hardly possible, glaucous on J)Oth sides, especially be- 

 neath ; margins distinctly and permanently recurved; 

 outer segments oblong, convex on back, 9 lines long, 4 

 lines broad, apical lobes somewhat reflexed and crisped: 

 stamens njuch shorter than inner segments. Int. 1893 



See G.r. 111. ];{:226 



W. M. 



GALAX (Greek, gala, milk; alluding to the white- 

 ness of the flowers). Diapensiaeeiv. Galax lvs., witli 

 their lovely shades of red or bronze, furnish some of 

 the most artistic decorative material for Christmas. 

 The diapensja family has only 6 genera, and all of them 

 are monotypic or nearly so. The family seems to be 

 nearly crowded out in the struggle for existence, and its 

 geographical distribution is interesting. Galax is dis- 

 tinguished from the other genera by the corolla 5- 

 parted, with entire segments : stamens connate with 

 the spatulate staminodes : anthers 1-celled : style 

 very short. The plant has long been cult, in hardy bor- 

 ders and rockeries for its beautifully tinted, persistent 

 Ivs. and its slender spikes of fls. borne in July. The 

 plant grows about G-9 in. high, and is native to themoun- 

 tains of Virginia to Georgia. J. B. Keller recommends 

 a northern aspect in the lower part of the rockery, 

 where the plants can have shade and moisture. Prop, 

 liy division. Galas is usually called "Coltsfoot." 



aphylla, Linn. Galas. Rhizome perennial : lvs. all 

 from the root, heart- or kidney-shaped, crenate-dentate. 

 often tinged with red or bronze, with radiating nerves 

 and slender petiole, sheathing at the base. B.M. 754. 

 ("t.F. 5:605. "Aphylla" means '"leafless," referring to 

 the scape. ■^■'^ j\j 



The use of Galax leaves for decorative purposes in a 

 commercial way dates back only to 1899, when they 

 were introduced to the northern florist trade hy the 

 writer, who had experimented with them for several 

 years before that date, sending to hospitals and indi- 

 viduals. The reports received fully justified the intro- 

 ducer in advertising the leaf widely as a florist's deco- 

 rative material for making wreaths, crosses, and in 

 fact all designs for which ivy leaves up to that time 

 had beeu employed almost exclusively. To-day Galax 

 leaves have to a great extent taken the place of ivy 

 leaves, being less expensive, easier handled and kept, 

 and furnishing long, wiry stems. The brilliant bronze 



40 



