708 



HABENARIA 



H^MANTHUS 



FF. SpKv not sac-shaped. 



34. Unalasclic6iisis, Wats. Fls. white or greenish ; 

 sepals, petals and lip about equal; spur slender, barely 

 to nearly twice longer than lip. Summer. Unalaska to 

 Calif, and Utah.— Near H. elegans, hut more slender, 

 with a longer and more open spike. It is referred by 

 some to the genus Herminium. 



35. dilatata, Gray. Fls. greenish white; lip widened 

 or even auricled at base ; spur about as long, incurved. 

 Suinmer. Cooler parts of N. Amer. A.G. 12:153. B.B. 

 1:4(>2.— More slender and narrower-leaved than M. 

 hyperborea. X. H. Kearney, Jr. 



HABEKLfiA (after a professor of botany at Pesth, 

 who died in 1831). Oesnerdcece. This includes a dainty 

 little hardy herbaceous perennial plant, which is tufted 

 and bears in spring a few scapes 4-6 in. high, with 2-5 

 nodding, violet-colored, 5-lobed, tubular fls., each about 

 1 in. long and 1 in. across. Only 1 species is known, 

 and it is found wild only in a few miles of a single val- 

 ley in Thrace, where it abounds on the southern slope of 

 the Balkans on shaded schistose rocks. Only 4 species 

 of Gesneraceje are found wild in Europe, and 3 of them 

 are said to be confined each to one spot. The allied 

 genus Raraondia has the same habit and is equally de- 

 sirable. The corolla of Haberlea has a conspicuous 

 tube, which is thrust out of the calyx nearly ^ in., and 

 5 lobes, 2 of which are much smaller than the others, 

 while in Ramondia the flower seems to be wheel-shaped, 

 with 5 equal petals, because the corolla tube is very 

 short and inconspicuous and the lobes deeply cut. 



Haberlea has 4 included didynamous stamens and a 

 bell-shaped calyx. Ramondia has exserted, equal sta- 

 mens and a wheel-shaped calyx. Haberlea was int. to 

 cult, about 1881 by Leichtliu, and few, if any, of our 

 skilled amateurs know the plant. It is not advertised in 

 America. For culture, see B-amondia. 



Ehodop6nsis, Friv. Clothed everywhere with soft, 

 spreading hairs, except the corolla: 1 vs. 2-3 in. long, 

 obovate- or ovate-oblong, obtuse, coarsely crenate, thick, 

 leathery, few-nerved; calyx 5-cleft; corolla pale lilac. 

 B.M. 6651. W. M. 



HAEKANTHUS. Included in Elppeastrnm. 



HABROTHAMNUS is all referred to Cestrum. JT. 



fasciciiIulus^C. fasciruhiOim ; IT. elegans and H, coc- 

 clneus eJcgans^C. elegans; JT. jVeicelli^C. jycweUi. 



HACKBEERY. Celt is occidentaUs. 



HACKMATACK, or TAMARACK. ZarU Anx'-ricana. 



H.EMANTHU'S {Mood flower). Amarylliddce-r. 

 Blood Lily. Between 30 and 40 African bulbous plants, 

 of which the greater part are natives of the Cape re- 

 gion. Fls. showy, often numerous, in umbels; perianth 

 straight and erect, with a short, cylindrical tube ; seg- 

 ments longer than the tube, narrow, equal; stamens 6, 

 inserted in the throat of the perianth, usually exserted, 

 the anthers versatile; style filiform and erect, on a 3- 

 loculed ovary: fr. berry-like, indehiscent. The fls. are 

 red or white, on a solid scape, which is little, if any, 

 longer than the cluster of root-lvs. : they lack the 

 corona of many amaryllidaceous plants. Monogr. by 

 Baker in Amaryllideffi, 1888 ; but the S. African species 

 are revised Ijy him more recently in Flora Capensis, 

 vol, 6. See, tilso, Flora Trop. Africa, vol. 7. 



Heemanthuscs, like most Cape bulbs, are summer- and 

 autumn-flowering ; or, when started indoors or in 

 frames, blooming in spring or early summer. The fls. 

 often precede the Ivs. The foliago is usually largo and 

 luxuriant, and the scape is often handsomely colored. 

 The fls. are sometimes as much as 2 in. across, and pro- 

 duced in great ball-like heads nearly or quite a foot 

 through. Yet the species are essentially curiosities in 

 this country. The culture given Ncrinc suits them well. 

 Their season of growth is usually not more than throe 

 or four months, and the remainder of the year they may 

 be laid away in the pots. When growing, give plenty of 

 rather weak liquid manure, keep in an intermediate or 

 warm house, and when in bloom keep them somewhat 

 cooler. Avoid overpotting. Prop. I)y offsets, which usu- 



ally form freely; and until they do form, the bulbs will 

 probably not need repotting. Separate the offsets when 

 growth is beginning. In this country they are some- 

 times flowered in pots plunged in a warm, protected 

 border, blooming in summer and fall. For H.toxica- 

 riHS, see JSuphane disficha. 



A. Leaves thin or membranaceous . 

 B. Spaihes and perianth segments spreading. 



multifl6rus, Martyn {H. ie^iuifldrus, Herb. R. Kdl- 

 hreijeri, Baker}. Bulb globose, 3 in. or less in diam.: 

 Ivs. 3—4 on a short, separate stem, the petiole short and 

 sheathing, the oblong blade 6-12 in. long, with 6-8 veins 

 each side of the midrib: scape straight, 1-3 ft. high, 

 green or red-spotted: umbel often G in. in diam,, con- 

 taining 30-100 fls., which are usually blood-red, with 

 linear 3-nerved segments twice or more as long as the 

 tube ; red filaments long-exserted, bearing prominent 

 yellow anthers. Trop. Africa. Variable. B.M. 961, 

 190.J, 3870. L.B.C. 10:912; 20:1948 (erroneously as H. 

 puniceus). P. S. 1:58; 23:2.377. I. H. 26:354. Var. su- 

 p6rbu3, Hort., is an improved brilliant-colored form. 



Kdtherinae, Baker. Bulb globose, 2-3 in. in diam.: 

 Ivs. 3-5, on a short, separate stem, appearing with the 

 fls., with a short, spotted petiole, the blade oblong, 9-14 

 in. long and 4-6 in. broad, the lateral veins 8-10: pedun- 

 cle 1 ft. tall, spotted toward the base: umbel sometimes 

 9 in. in diam., densely mauy-fld. : fls. bright red, 2-2>2 

 in. long, the lanceolate reflexing segments little longer 

 than the cylindrical tube ; red filaments exserted. S. 

 Afr. B.M. 6778. — Name spelled both Katherinm and 

 Katharine, even by Baker ; but the former spelling is 

 the original. In cult, the Ivs. become "about 3 ft. in 

 length and of a bright j^ale green color— apple-green, as 

 it is usually called — and the venation is more strongly 

 marked than is usual in H. mtiUiflorus, H. cinnahari- 

 nus and other allied kinds. ^' Burbidge, Gn. 49, p. 160, 

 with figure. 



Lindeni, N.E. Brown. Lvs. 6-8, in 2 ranks, arising 

 from a thick, solid rootstock, nearly or quite evergreen; 

 petioles long, winged; blade 10-12 in. long and 3-5 in. 

 wide, long-ovate, lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute, the 

 base rounded or subeordate, with a longitudinal fold 

 either side of the midrib : scape IK ft. tall, arising from 

 the side of the lvs., flattened on one side, more or less 

 spotted: umbel globular, 6-8 in. in diameter, with 100 

 or more scarlet fls. opening in succession: fls. 2 in. 

 across, the tube % in. long, the lobes longer and linear- 

 lanceolate and acute. Congo. G.C.HI. 8:437; 13:483. 

 I.H.37:H2; 40:172,Pig. 1; 41.P.18. Gt. 46, p. 217. G.M. 

 .36:220. J.H. III. 28:73. -Handsome. 



BB. Spathes and jyerianth segments erect or ascending. 

 puniceus, Linn. Bulb nearly globular, 2-3 in. in di- 

 ameter: lvs. 2-4, from the bulb, the petiole one-half the 

 length of the blade, the blade 6-12 in. long and 2-4 in. 

 broad, oblong, strongly undulated, the main veins about 



on each side the rib: scape 6-15 in. tall, spotted: um- 

 bel globose and dense, .3-4 in. in diameter, bearing many 

 scentless, pale scarlet, yellowish red or rarely white fls. 



1 in. long: perianth tube cylindrical, shorter than the 

 lanceolate 3-nerved segments: filaments red, 1 in. long. 

 S. Africa. B.M. 1315. 



AA. Lvs. thick and fleshy. 

 B. Bracts and fJs. white. 

 dlbiflos, .lacq. Bulb or tuber compressed sidewise, 

 with thick, 2-ranged scales: lvs. 2-4, appearing with the 

 fls., nearly erect, obtuse, 6-8 in. long and nearly half as 

 broad, narrowed to the base, green and glabrous, but 

 ciliate on the edges: scape less than 1 ft. tall, pale green, 

 l)earing a dense, globular umbel 2 in. in diameter: fls. 

 ■■'^ in long, the linear segments much exceeding the tube. 

 8. Africa. B. M. 12.39. L. B. C. 7:(;02. Var. puh6sceiia, 

 Baker, has lvs. hairy above. L.B.C. 8:702. B.R.5:3S2. 

 JT. CldrJxci, Hort., is a hybrid of this species and <'. 

 coccineus . 



BB. J>racfs and fls. red. 



coccineus, Linn. Bulb compressed sidewise, 3 in. in 



diam., the scales many, thick, 2-ranged: lvs. 2, suberect, 



Ungulate, reaching 2 ft. long and 8 in. broad, narrowed 



to the base, green and glabrous, not ciliate: scape 6-10 



