HELIANTHUS 



HKLIAM'liUS 



721 



In America the Sunflower industry may be said to 

 have hardly commenced, there beiiiiL: at present but two 

 well-developed markets for the seed. ]\] q_ Kains. 



;in^Tslifoliu.s, 5. 

 niiuiius, 1. 

 urgophyllus, 2. 

 iitrorubens, 7. 

 l';iUlonii<His. 1, 20. 

 cucinncrifo litis, 'J. 

 ileeapetiilus. 11. 

 (lebilis, 3. 

 divaricatus. 12. 



INDEX. 



doronieuides, IG. 

 gigauteiis, l:i. 

 grosse-sernitiis, ID. 

 hirsiitus, 21. 



]a>tiHonis, li). 

 I\Kaximiliain, 14, 

 Mlssuuricn^is. ij. 



mollis, 17. 

 inuHirtnrns. II. 

 urtcvali.s, 4. 

 imiiiilus. 18. 

 rigidus, U. 

 .^trumosus. 9. 

 trachelituiiiis, 2 

 tuberosiis, 15. 



.\. AiimiaJ.-i : h-s. hmg-petiohd: 

 disk broivn or purplish. 

 v.. SI fill crrfl, stout , si III {lie or 



bnincJiintj above I . 



r.ii. Stem diffuse, slender, hrnnr'h- 



ing freely from the huse.... ?>. 

 A.\. I'erennials by creeping roof- 

 stocks: his. sessile or short- 

 petioled. 

 B. Disk brorv7i or pjirjdisJi . 



C. l/VS. linear, entire {exerpt 

 the lower) , sessile 4. 



QC. Li'S. oi'aic to broiid-Jiinceo- 

 htte, mostly toothed, iior- 

 roived at the ha.se into a 

 iringed petiole i'>. 



BB. Disk yellowish. 



c. Stem S}nooth beloir, the 

 branches often sllgli/li/ 

 rough or pubescent . 

 D. Lvs. pale beneath 8. 



10. 



DD. Ijvs. green, on both sid-sA 1 . 

 12. 

 O'j. Stem rough or hairy beloir. 

 D. Rootstocks thickened in- 

 to one or more fleshy 



tubers ^'^. 



U. 



i:.. 



DD. Bootstocks all slender. 

 E. Lower Ics. sessile or 

 ■with a clasping 



base ]fl. 



17 



EE. Lower Irs. shorl- 

 petioled. 

 P. Stem 1-J ft., not 



branching 18. pumilug 



FF. Stem usually over 



S ft., branchiug.19. laetiflorus 



20. Californicus 



21. hirsutus 



22. trachelifolius 



1. annUTis, Linn. Cobimon Sunflowei;. Stem 3-12 

 ft., roii^h-hairy, often mottled: Ivs. 4-12 in. lonir. 

 broadly ovate, acute, tlie lower cordate, coarsely serrate, 

 rough on both sides: t3s.3-() in. wide in wibl specimens. 

 often 14 in cult. Julv-Sept. Minn, to Tex., west to 

 Wash, and Cal. Gn. 27;p. 68. Gt.i:i,\).9b{iis B.lenticu- 

 laris). B. R. 15:1265 {as B. Ienticularis).-A valuable 

 economic and ornamental plant. The Ivs. are used for 

 fodder, the fls. yield a vellow dye. the seeds furnish an 

 oil and are used for food. It is ffrowu for food chiefly in 

 Russia. H. annuus has long been in cult, as au orna- 

 mental, and has varied into many distinct forms. Com- 

 mon varieties are: V;ir. Californicus, very large and 

 double; var. citrinus, with primrose-colored rays (Gn. 

 49,p.327i; var. globdsus fistulosus, having enormous 

 ^^lobular heads; var. nanus fl. pi. (Globe of Gold), dwarf 

 and double, valuable for borders ; Russian Giant, 

 10-12 ft. high, single, grown mostly for seed ; var.varie- 

 g4tus, with variegated Ivs., but not especially attrac- 

 tive. 



annuus 

 argophyllUB 



debilis 



orgyalis 



anguatifoUus 



rigid us 

 atrorubens 



laevigatus 



strumosus 



grosse-serratus 



decapetalus 



divaricatus 



giganteus 



Maximiliani 



tuberosus 



doronicoides 

 mollis 



2. argopbyllus, Torr. Sz Gray. SiLVEiiY-LEA\ED Sun- 

 flower. Stem usually 4-5 ft. hii:li. soft grey, with a 

 dense, silky pubescence, especially the upper t)ranches. 

 Otiierwise like D. annuus, into which it seems to vary 

 under cultivation if the seedlings are not constantly 

 selected for their silky character. Texas. The var. 

 Tesana, Hort., -which does not differ bolanicully frmn 

 tin- tvpe. is an attractive form of this species. K. 11. 

 1857, p. 431. Gu. 12, p. 280; 27,p.G7; 55, p. 147. 



3. d6bilis, Nntt. (//. curumerifdlius, Tott. & Gray). 



GrCUMBER-LEAVED SUNFLOWER. Fig. 1020. St. 1-4 ft. 



high, hairy throughout: branches often mottled with 

 jiurple 01' white, each onebearin;j: a ti. : Ivs. 1-4 in. long. 

 t)vate to triangular, generally with a cordate base, thin, 

 glossy, irregnhirly toothed or entire: fls. 2-3 in. wide, 

 on slender peduncles. July-Sept. Fla. to Texas and 

 westward, (i.e. III. 17:107.' Gr.44. p. 571. B.M. 743.2. 

 Gn. 49:1004. -This is one of the l.est f.>r cut-tis. It 

 needs a sandv soil. 



(f:^ 





' ': '^M 



1027. Clump of Helianthus orgyalis. 



4. org-yalis, DC. Fig. 1027. Stem 8-10 ft. high, strict, 

 smooth, very leafy: Ivs. 8-16 in. Ions, slightly rough, 

 ilrooping: lis. numerous, lemon-yellnw. Sept., Oct. 

 Dry plains, Neb. to Tex. and westward. Gn. 27, p. 67; 

 5j,"p. 147. P.R. 2: 146. -This species has distinct and 



