722 



HELIANTHUS 



attractive foliage, which is not at all coarse. A well 

 grown plant wiTl produce spikes of fls. nearly 4 ft. long. 



5. angustifblius, Linn. Swamp Sunflower. Stem 

 2-6 ft. higl), siiiiple or branching above, slightly rough: 

 Ivs. 2-7 in. long, .somewhat tufted, drooping, with rolled 

 edges, smooth'or slightly rough: fls. 2-3 in. wide, few 

 or solitary. Aug. -Oct. Wet land, N. T. to Fla., west to 

 Ky. and tes. B.M. 21151. 



6. rlgidus, Desf. (H. Missouriensis, Schwein.). St. 

 1-3 ft. higli (rarely 5-8 ft.), strict, sparingly branched, 

 rough or hairy: Ivs. (i-12 in. long, obloug to ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, firm, thick, rough-hairy, entire or slightly 

 toothed: fls. 2H-Hn. wide, showy, long-stalked; raysnu- 

 merous, about VA in. long; disk sometimes yellow at 

 lirst, turning brown. Aug.-Oct. Mich, to Tex. and west 

 to Col. B.R. 6:50« (&s 3 . afroriihevs) . B.M. 2020 (as IT. 

 dUfusus). B.M. 2068 (asZT. atrorubens). Gn. 27, p.«8.- 

 After II. decapetalxs this species is one of the best 

 perennial Sunflowers. It varies under cultivation chiefly 

 in the direction of doubling and in lengthening the 

 blooming period. Some of the best garden varieties 

 are aestivalis, grandiflbrus, semi-plenus and Miss Mel- 

 lish. 



7. atrSrubens, Linn. Purple-disk Sunflower. St. 

 2-5 ft. high : Ivs. usually thin, sometimes hoary be- 

 neath : fls. about 2 in. across; rays few (10 to 10), 

 rarely over 1 in. long; disk dark red. Otherwise like 

 H. rlgulus, to which it is interior. Va. to Pla., west to 

 Ohio and La. 



8. laevigatus, Torr. & Gray. Stem 2-5 ft., simple or 

 branched above: Ivs. 3-6 in. long, lanceolate, smooth, 

 entire or slightly toothed : fls. 1-1 1, in. broad, few or 

 solitary; rays C-!0, usuallv less than 1 in. long. Aug.- 

 Oct. Va. to N. C. 



/.:'i'i/,Vlyl 



1028, Helianthus decapetalus. var. multiflorus. 



(See species Xo. 11.) 



9. stramosug, Linn. St. .'i-7 ft. high, usually branch- 

 ing, often glaucous: Ivy. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, 

 rough above, entire or toothed : fls. 2U-4 in. across; 

 rays 8-15, 1-1% in. long. July-Sept. Open W(iods,Can. 

 to Ga. and west to Wis. and Ark. Vai-. mOUis, Torr. 

 (fc Gray. Lvs. downy beneath. 1-1, I\I. 3(),S0 {ns II. ntnllifi, 

 Lam . ) . 



10. grbsse-serrattis, I\Iartens. St. 6-10 ft. high, very 

 smooth, glaucous: lvs. long-lanceolate, slender-petioled. 



i^^- 



1029. 

 Helianthus divaricatus. 



HELIANTHUS 



rough above: fls. Tnany, cymose, 1-3 in. broad. Ang.- 

 Oct. Pa. to Mo., south to Tex. — Passes into if. g'igraniews. 



11. decap6talus, Linn. Stem 2-5 ft. high, brancbed 

 above: lvs. 3-8 in. long, ovute-lanceolate, sharply ser- 

 rate, thin, rough above, finely pubescent beneath : fls. 

 2-3 in. across, numerous; rays 

 generally njore than 10, in spite 

 of the speciflc name. July-Sept. 

 Moist soils, Quebec to Ga., west to 

 Mich, and Ky. O. C. XL l(i:(i01.- 

 Under cult, it has given rise to the 

 horticultural var. multiflorus {B. 

 multifldrus, Hort.). Fig. 1028. B.M. 

 227. G.C. 111. 10:421. Gn. 27:476, 

 pp. 71,74; 45. p. 373. Gt. 43, p. 554. 

 Gng. 3:83. F.R. 2:413. The many 

 garden forms of var. midtiflorvs 

 difter mainly in the extent of doub- 

 ling, season of blooming, habit of 

 plant and size of fl. Among the 

 best are: Var. fibre pUno and var. 

 grandifldrus, almost completely 

 double; var. major, fls. larger than 

 common ; var. maximus, very large, 

 single fls. with pointed rays; Soliel ' 

 d'Or, with quilled florets, like a 

 Cactus Dahlia. Multiflorus varie- 

 ties are the most popular of peren- 

 nial Sunflowers, and deser- 

 vedly so. If the double forms 

 are grown on poor soil, or are 

 allowed to remain for several 

 years without being divided, 

 they become single. 



12. divaric&.tus, Linn. Fig. 

 1029. Stem 1-0 ft. high: lvs. 

 sessile, rougli above, pubes- 

 cent beneath, standing out 

 nearly at right angles to the 

 stem : fls. few or solitary, 2 in. across. July-Sept. 

 Dry woodlands, Can. to Fla., west to Neb. and La. 



13. gigant^us, Linn. Indian Potato. Stem 3-12 ft. 

 high, stout: lvs. 3-7 in. long, lanceolate, very rough, 

 serrate or nearly entire : fls. usually several, lK-3 in. 

 broad, mostly long-stalked; rays ]0-20, barely 1 in. 

 long, cupped, pale yellow : seeds smooth. Aug.-Oct. 

 Wet ground, Can. to Fla., west to Neb. B.M. 7555. D. 

 165. — Var. subtuberdsus, Bourgeau. A northern form 

 with unu'^ually fleshy roots, which were formerly col- 

 lected by Indians for food. Hence "Indian Potato." 



14. Maximiliani, Schrad. Stem generally 2-4 ft. high, 

 sometimes 8-10: lvs. inclined to be trough-shaped: fls. 

 on short, densely pubescent peduncles ; rays 15-30, gen- 

 erally \%, in. long, deep yellow. Otherwise like E. gi- 

 gaiiteus, of which it 1=^ probably the western form. Aug.- 

 Oct. Dry plains, west of Mississippi river. 



15. tuberdsus, Linn. Jel^.usalem Artichoke. Stem 

 5-]2 ft., braneljed above, lvs. 4-8 In., usually ovate, 

 acuminate, serrate, rough above, finely pubescent be- 

 neath: fls. several or numerous, 2-3 in. across ; rays 

 12-20: seeds pubescent. Gn. 27:68. B.M. 7545. -Fre- 

 quently cultivated for its edible tubers. See Artichoke, 

 JerusaJi'w . 



16. doronicoides, Lam. Stem 3-7 ft. high: lvs. 4-8 in. 

 long, ovate oldong, narrowed towards both ends.rousti 

 on both sides : fls. numerous, in loose panicles ; r;iys 

 12-20. broad. Otherwise as I/, bvtifolius. Aug., Sept. 

 Dry soils, Ohio to IMo. B.M. 2778 (as H. piihesci^iis). 



17. m611is, Lam. Stem 2-5 ft. high, stout, very leafy, 

 hoary villose, at least when young : lvs. 3-5 in. long, 

 ovate-lanceolate, wliite-pubescetit or rough on upper 

 side: fls. solitary or few, 2-3 in. broad; rays 15-2.->. 

 July-Sept. Barren soils, Ohio to Ga., west to la. aud 

 Tex. Gn. 55:1212. 



18. piimilus, Nutt. Stenwough and hairy throughout: 

 lvs. only 5-7 pairs, 1-4 in. long, ovate-lanceolate : tls. 

 few, sbort-peduncled. Eastern Kocky Mts. and adjacent 

 plains. 



19. Igetifldrus, Pcrs. Showy Sunfowek. Stem 4-8 ft. 

 high, leafy: lvs. 4-10 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, more oi 

 less serrate, rough on both sides: fls. several. 2-4 in. 



