IIE.MEHOCALLIS 



HErATICA 



729 



variety tvith variegated Ivs. Var. il6re pleno, Hort., is 

 sbowu ju F.S. 18:1891, T\'ith a red spot on the middle of 

 ejudi se-meut. Gn. 48. p. 401. R.H. 18'j7. p. l:.;9. Viir. 

 variegata has a stripe of white down the middle of 

 each leaf. •^■^ jj^ 



HEMIC'J'CLIA {Greek. se})n-circuh.ir; referrioj? to 

 the scar or furrow oq the seed). EnphorhiitL-ea:. Thi^ 

 includes a spreading tree, attuinin,^ a height of 40 ft., 

 which is cult, la S. Calif, b}' Fraiicesclii, wiio values it 

 for its "beautiful holly-like Ivs. and red fruits." The 

 genus hna about 9 species, natives of India, Ceylon and 

 the Eastern Archipehxgo, with no near allies of garden 

 value. Trees or shrubs: Ivs. alternate, petioled. entire, 

 leathery when full grown: tls. dia'cious; petals none; 

 sepals of stuminate tls. 4-5, the inner often larger and 

 somewhat petal-like: fr. a globose or ovoid, indehiscent 

 drupe: seed by abortion, usually solitary. H. Au^tra- 

 lasica is told from the other 2 Australian species by its 

 very short filaments and glabrous ovary. 



Atistral§.sica, I\luell. Arg. Lvs. broadly ovate to 

 ovate-oblong, obtuse, l^-n-'i in. long, finely veined be- 

 low: fr. neai'Iy ^> in. long, very smooth, red and succu- 

 lent, enclosing a stone. 



HEMIONITIS (Greek, «('(/'/; the plants erroneously 

 supposed to he sterile). P<>{ijpodii)re(p. A genus of 

 tropical ferns, with copiously netted veins and naked 

 sori following the veins. Eight or 9 species occur in 

 the tropics of both hemispheres. The plants are dwarf, 

 and are grown in Wardian cases by a few fanciers in 

 the Old World. For culture, see Fei>ii>. 



ff. palmata, Linn. L\-s, palmate, 2-6 in.Tvii.le, with;' nofirly 

 equal triangular divisions, tho^se of the sterile lvs. less ainite; 

 surfaces pubescent. W. Indies, Mex., S.Amer.— ^. elegans, Dav. 

 Lvs. 4-10 in. wide, with n, broad siuus at the base and 5 long 

 slender, lanceolate divisions: plant smooth. Mex. Gf.F. 4: 18j. 



L. 31. UXDEKWOOD. 



HEMITfiLIA (Greek, wUli half a roof; referring to 

 sori). Vnafhii dct'ie. A trenus of tree ferns of the tropics, 

 with round or semiglobose sori and an inferior indu- 

 sium, consisting of a scale which is often indi.stinct and 

 deciduous. Some 20 species occur in both hemispheres. 

 For culture, see Ferna. 



H. Quianensis, Hook. R;i("his slightly sr-aly nml hisfdd: lvs. 

 hi-tripinnate, tlie secondary racbis distinctly winged, es]irci;diy 

 at the upper portion: sori few in each segment, usuully ■_'-4; 

 indusium ciliate and often lobed. Yar. Parth/a', Hort., is the 

 form commonly in cultivation. British Guiana. I. H. il4:'Jsi}, 

 — jj. Lindeni, Hook. Lvs. pinnate, tlie pinnre distant and 

 slightly stalked, G-12 in. long, 1-1^4 in. broad, the base ti-nn<-;it<-' 

 or wedgp-shaped : sori in --3 ii-regulav hues ne;ir the uuiri^in, 

 Venezuela. LH. -12:46. L_ ]\X_ Undkrwood. 



HEMLOCK in Old World literature is what we call 

 Poison Hemlock, an umbelliferous herb named Conimn 

 maculaium. By Hemlock. Americans mean Hemlock 



Spruce, an evergreeu tree, Tsitr/a CdtiadeimL^. 



HEMP. Common Hemp is CoinxiJ-i.^ .'^afira (which 

 see). Bowstring H., see ^'a?/^■<>r(t■^/<f. Manilla H., ^l/'fya 

 texiilis. Sisal H., Ag/rve rigida, var. Si.sa/<nia. 



HEN-AND-CHICKENS. A proliferous form of the 

 English daisy, i>'r///.s p<'r^)nu'.'^ ; also the thick-leaved 

 rosettes of Cotyledon, used in carpet-bedding and known 

 as Echeveria. 



HENBANE. Huoscyamus uiger. , 



HENDERSON, PETER (Plate X.). ]S22-]SnO, market- 

 gardener, florist, seedsman and author, was born at 

 Pathhead,near Edinhurs:!), Scotland, in 1S22. and died in 

 Jersey Citv, Jan. 17, 1890. He was trained in CUd World 

 methods of gardening, came to America in 1843, worked 

 under Geo. Thorburu and Robert Buist, and in 1847 be- 

 gan business in Jersey City as a market-gardener, with a 

 capital of $500, saved bv 3 years' hard work. He contin- 

 ued to live there until his death. The publication 

 of "Gardeninsr for Profit" in I8G5 marks an era in 

 American horticulture. It was the first American book 

 devoted entirely to market-gardening, and it helped to 

 induce many persons to enter the business. By the time 



of his death about L'CGOO copies of the book are said to 

 have been distributed. It was written in an agi^iegate 

 of 100 hours, when the author was working IG^hours a 

 day, largely at manual labor. At the noon intervals and 

 late nt night he wrote this work lying on his back, with 

 a pillow under his head. The secret of its success, and 

 of the author's, was the invention of new methods 

 adapted to operations on a large scale. The second edi- 

 tion in 1874, and the third in 1887, are both thorough re- 

 visions. 



"Henderson's Practical Floriculture," lSd8, was an 

 epoch-making book in commercial tioriculture. Cp tc^ 

 this time most works on fiower-gardening had been 

 written for the amateur. This point of view is neces- 

 sarily the commoner one, and Henderson's contribution 

 to it was "Gardeninc: for Pleasure,'' lS7o. In the compi- 

 lation of "The Handbook of Plants," 1881. he was largely 

 aided by C. L. Allen, and in the second edition, 18"JU, by 

 W. J. Davidson. "Garden and Parm Topics" was issued 

 in 18.S1., and in the same year appeared "How the Farm 

 Pays," a stenographic report of conversations between 

 Wm. Crozier and Peter Henderson. It is claimed that 

 nearly a quarter of a million copies of iiis various works 

 have been sold. His seed business was founded at New 

 York in 1865. Lately more than 'JOO.OOO copies uf the 

 various catalogues have been distril>uted annually. 



Few men, if any, have done so nun.-h to simplify ami 

 improve methods of handling plants for commercial 

 purposes. His greenhouses were an object lesson to 

 many visitors, his methods were widely copied, and bis 

 business successes were the goal of ambitious niarket- 

 gardi-ners and florists, among whom he was for many 

 years the most commanding figure. PTe was a frequent 

 contributor to the horticultural and agrn-ultnral maga- 

 zines, and during his forty-two years of business life is 

 supposed to have written or dictated at least 175,000 

 letters. Two-thirds of these letters wero written with 

 his own hands, and he always replied promptly to in- 

 quiries about methods of cultivation. A self-made man, 

 simple and abstemious in his habits, he was a tireless 

 worker. He combined in a high degree the faculties of 

 growing plants and of business ability. His mnstery of 

 details was complete. His books are exceptionally read- 

 able, his powerful personality appearing through every 

 pa:^^e. The records of his personal experience are prac- 

 tical, ingenious and fertile in suggestion. An account 

 of his life is published in a memoir of 48 pages by his 

 son. Alfred Henderson. -w, jj_ 



HENFREYA. See Asystasia. 



HEPATICA {Jirrr-llkc, from the shape of the leaves). 

 Bain<>iculai.-><i . HEPATirA. J.ivek Leaf. A genus of 

 3 species, natives of the 

 north temperate zone. 

 Stemless, low perennials: 

 lvs. 3-lobedand sometimes 

 toothed ; ap]iearing after 

 the flowers and remainiuLf 

 green over winter: scapes 

 I-fld., with an involucre 

 of 3 small sessile lvs. sim- 

 ulating a calyx ; sepals 

 jietal-like, white, pink or 

 puride : akt^nes short- 

 lieaked, pubevcent. Fig. 

 1038. The plants prefer 

 shade, but do fairly well in 

 open places. They should 

 remain undisturbed from 

 year to year, iu rich, well- 

 drained loam. Well suited 

 to the Tiorth or east slope 

 of a rockery. Plants kept 

 in pots in a coldframe un- 

 til mi-tlwinter will quickly 

 bloom at any time desired 

 if removed to a wnrm room 

 or greenhouse. Prop, by 

 division or seed. 



triloba, Choix. [Bepdtica Hepdtica, Karst. Aneiy^bne 

 Ri'pdtica, Linn. A. friJnha, Hort.). Scapes 4-6 in : 

 lobes of lvs. obtuse: fls. "^o-l in. across; sepals oval or 



103S. Flower of Hepatica- 

 Katui-al size. 



