786 



HYDRANGEA 



HYDKOCOTYLE 



jng to 80 ft. in Japan: Ivs. long-petioled, broadly ovate- 

 cordate to elliptic, acute or acuminate, crenately ser- 

 rate, almost glabrous, 2-1 in. long: cymes rather loose, 

 -810 in. across, with rather few sterile fls.; styles usu- 

 ally 2: capsule with the calyx at the apex. July. Japan, 

 Sacchalin. B. M. 6788. S. Z. 54, 59, 2, 92. M. D. U. 

 1897:236-37. S.H. 2: 191-93. -A very variable species, 

 figured and described by 8ieb. & Zucc. under three dif- 

 ferent names. In gardens it is often met with under 

 the name of SchUnphragma hydrangeoldes, another 

 Japanese climber of similar habit, which, however, is 

 easily distinguished by its sinuately dentate Ivs. and 

 its sterile fls." having only one large cordate sepal. 

 I H. altiss-ima. Wall. Allied to H. petiolaris, but less high 

 climbing, often only a spreading shrub, to 15 ft.: Ivs. ovate- 

 lanceolate: stamens 10. Himal.—H. dspera, Don. Shrub, to 

 20 ft., similar to H. vestita: Ivs. oblong-lanceolate, densely pu- 

 bescent beneatli: sepals usually toothed: fr. with the calyx at 

 the apex. Himal. Tender— fi^. hirta, Sieb. & Zucc. Shrub, to 

 4 ft.: Ivs. broad-elliptic, coarsely incised-serrate: cymes \vithont 

 sterile fls. Jap. S.Z. 62. Not very decorative.— jEf. robusta, 

 Hook, f, & Thoms. (H. eyanema, Nutt.). Spreading shrub, to 

 15 ft., with large ovate Ivs., pubescent on both sides; sterile 

 fls. with toothed sepals: capsule with the calyx at the apex. 

 Himal, B.M.SO'iS. Handsome in hloom. but tender.-iT. virm-s, 

 Sieb. Slender shrub, to 6 ft. : Ivs. elliptic or laneeolat-e, coarsely 

 serrate, 1--/^ in.: rj-mes rather few-fld., sterile fls. with 3 or 4 

 large, unequal sepals, white. Jap, S.Z. 60. A desirable shiiih, 

 with gt-acefuj and delicate fls. and with the Ivs. often hand- 

 somely variegated along the veins, but tender. 



Alfred Rehder. 



' HYDRASTIS (name of douhtftil meaning). Ramoicu- 

 Mcere. Two species of hardy herbaceous perennials, 

 one from Japan and one from N. Amer. Stem erect, 

 pubescent: Ivs. palmately 5-7-lobed, serrate: fls. green- 

 ish white, small, solitary; sepals 3, petal-like, falling 

 early; petals none; stamens many; carpels 2-ovuled, in 

 fruit becoming aggregated berries. Requires moist 

 situations in good, rich loam and leaf-mold. Prop, by 

 division of the root, and by seed. 



Canadensis, Linn. Orange Root. Golden-seal. 

 Stem 4-10 in. long, from a thick, yellow rootstock: 

 basal Ivs. 5-8 in. broad; stem Ivs. 2, lower one petioled, 

 upper sessile and near the small flower: fr. in ovoid 

 head, the 8-12 fleshy carpels tipped with a short, curved 

 beak. April. Eastern U. S., in rich woods. B.M. 3019 

 (in flower); .3232 (in fruit).- Used in gardens for the 

 showy leaves and beautiful red fruit ; root used in 

 medicine. K. C. Davis. 



HYDRIASTfiLE (Greek, water Rud cohimn; the tall 

 trunks growing near springs). Pahnd.cew. A genus of 

 one species, a tropical Australian palm advertised by 

 perhaps only one American dealer as Keiifia Wendlan 

 diana. It is told, however, from the Kentias in foliage 

 by the leaf-segments split at the apex instead of acumi- 

 nate and not split. More fundamentally, it differs in 

 having the ovule on the side of the cell instead of at the 

 bottom, as in Kentia. In this respect it agrees with the 

 group of genera mentioned under Hedyscepe, but it 

 differs from that group in having the fls. borne in 4 

 ranks instead of spirally. Hydriastele is a spineless 

 palm with erect winged caudex: Ivs. terminal, pinnati- 

 sect; segments alternate, linear, split at the apex; mid- 

 veins covered below with caducous scales ; margins thin ; 

 ruchis laterally compressed, dorsally convex ; face of 

 the petiole concave; sheath rather short: spadices with 

 short, wide peduncles, branched from the base, the 

 brunches obtusely quadrate, long, slender, pendulous: 

 spathes 2, complete, compressed, deciduous, the lower 

 one ancipital: bracts and bractlets connate; fruit small, 

 ellipsoidal, smooth or ribbed. For culture, see Palms. 



Wendlandi^na, H. Wendl. & Drude (Kentia Wend- 

 landidiia, F. Muell.). A tall palm. Leaves many feet 

 long; segments numerous, unequal, t'he longest IK ft., 

 the upper ones confluent at the base, all denticulate at 

 the apex. Queensland. Jared G. Smith. 



This distinct and excellent palm has hitherto been 

 rare, but now that the seeds are being produced in tropi- 

 cal nurseries it is fast becoming popular. The seeds 

 are round, fairly hard, and resemble those of ArcJwnio- 

 phcenix Alexavdrcp. The characteristic Ivs. are pinnati- 

 fid, the segments being irregular and sdinewhat jagged 

 at the ayiex. after the fashion of a Fisli Tail palm or 



Caryota. It stands the temperature of an ordinary livin? 

 room better than many other palms. For rapid growth 

 it needs more heat than Howea Belmoreana and Fors- 

 teriana. In the greenhouse a temperature of 60 to 70*^ 

 is most congenial. A lower temperature will not hurl 

 it, but gives a slower and more compact growth. Ii 

 loves plenty of moisture, and frequent syringing is 

 beneficial. For potting soil, it likes rich loam, with 

 plenty of sharp sand and good drainage. The seeds and 

 seedlings should be treated more like the commercial 

 Areca, i.e., Chrysalidocarpiis kitescens. It forms a sin- 

 gle stem when only 3 ft. high, and grows to a height of 

 20 ft. or more in cult. It is at its best when 10 to 15 ft. 

 high. When well established and pot-bound it loves 

 high feeding, as does Ghrysalidocarpus lutescens. This 

 palm has a bright future commercially. 



H. A, SlEBEECHT. 



HYDROCHARIS (Greek, graceful water plant). 

 ffl/drocharidcice(e. Frogbit. A genus of one species, 

 an aquatic plant, grown in a few aquaria. It is found in 

 ditches and ponds in Europe and temperate Asia. H, 

 Morsus-rinae, Linn., has floating stems resembling run- 

 ners, and tufts of radical leaves, and submerged roots. 

 Lvs. stalked, roundish, with a heart-shaped base, rather 

 thick, about 2 in. across: peduncles of the staminate 

 plant bearing 2-3 fls. on long pedicels, which spring from 

 a spathe of 2 thin bracts: petals 3, white, stamens 3-12: 

 spathe of the pistillate fls. sessile among the ivs.: styles 

 f), with 2-cleft stigmas. For American Frogbit, see Liin- 

 nobinm. 



Hydrocharis dies in the fall, but winter buds (see 

 similar buds of Elodea, Fig. 759) break off and sink 

 when the old plants die. In spring, or in the green- 

 house or aquarium under genial conditions, they start 

 early into growth, the scales bursting and a young leaf de- 

 veloping and then the whole rises to the surface. It is a 

 very interesting plant. Its fine, silky roots are beauti- 

 ful and attractive in the aquarium, as well as the soft, 

 tender leaves and delicate flowers. Wm. Tkicehr. 



HYDROCLEYS. See LimnocliaHs. 



HYDROCOTYLE (Greek, water and beaker; the 

 plants thrive in moist places, and the roundish lvs. have 

 a cup-like depression in the middle). UmbeUiferce . 

 This includes a plant which, according to J. N. Rose, is 

 considerably used at Washington, D.C., for carpet bed- 

 ding under the name of S". sibfhorpioides, but, like many 

 other bedding plants its name seems not to appear in 



1114. Hydrocotyle rotundifoUa (X %). 



the leading retail catalogues, American or foreign. Fig. 

 nU is the only accessible picture of the plant, except 

 that in Hooker's Exotic Flora as B. nitidula. The 

 plant has shining Ivs. %-\ in. across, and is perhaps 

 perennial. It is prostrate and roots at the nodes. The 

 genus contains about 70 widely scattered species, mostly 

 inhabiting swamps, and has no near allies of garden 

 value. The species vary widely in habit and otherwise. 



