832 



IK IS 



IRRIGATION 



98. Palsestina, Boiss. Lvs. 3-ti in. lung: stem very 

 short: tis. pale yellow, tiuged with lilac; outer seg- 

 ments oblong, upper ^^ reflesed; claw auriculate; iuuer 

 segments minute, narrowly lanceolate. Fls. in winter. 

 Mts. of Palestine. Very near /. V<incasu-(i , but dis- 

 tinguished by its longer acuminate spathes and the color 

 of the fly. 



99. aUta, Poir. (/. srorploldes, Desf.). Lvs. about (1, 

 plane, 0-9 in. long: stem very short: outer segments 

 3-4 in. long, obovate-cuneate, bright lilac, variegated 

 with white, and having a yellow keel down the claw; in- 

 ner segments obovate-unguiculate, spreading from the 

 base of the outer: style crest large, laciniately toothed. 

 Winter-flowering. Plants very dwarf. Spain to Sicily 

 andAlgeria. B.R.22:1870. Gn. 10, p. 579 and 54, p: 102. 

 U.M. 35:014. 



100. Caucdsica, Hoffm. Lvs. about 0: stem short: 

 rls. pale or bright yellow; outer segments with an ovate 

 blade and a very broail rliomboidal claw, with small au- 



1181. Iris orchioides (X^ii). 

 A ^ood species for pots. 



rides and a tootbe<l or ciliated crest; inner segments 

 oblanceolate. Dwarfer habit than /. orfhioich's. Cauca- 

 sus to Asia Minor, etc. 



101. Eumosa, Boiss. t^^ Haussk. Ijvs. al)Out 10: stem 

 II in. long: outer segments spatula.te-ol)IanceoIate, re- 

 curved above the mi<ld]r. claw with a yelhiw crest; in- 

 ner segments minute, spatulate, tootlK'd. Tlie fls. are 

 greenish yellow, shaded witli smoky gray. Dry tields, 

 Syria. 



102. orchioides, Carr. Fig. llfil. Lvs. about 0: stem 

 12-1.^) in. long, with distinct in t< Till 'di-s : sjiathrs l-fld. ,2in. 

 long: tis. yellow; outer segments with an oljovate blade, 

 and a purple blotch on eacli sidoof the crest of the claw; 

 inner segments oblanceolate, less than an inch long, and 

 generally sharply deMexi'd. witli a long fnllform claw. 

 Spring. ' Var. oculita, Maxim. Blade of the outer seg- 



ments more spotted. Var. cserulea, Hort. Fls. bright 

 lilac, with a yellow blotch on the blade of the outer seg- 

 ments. Mts., Turkestan. B.M. 7111. Gn. 53, p. 482. 

 R.H. 1880, p. 337. 



Of the following names, which .ire found in catalogues, no 

 r-oioplete description is available: /. Assyriaca. Bluish white. 

 —/. augnsthta. Deep yellow, marked with maroon. Gard. foi-m 

 of I.variegata.— /. Battandil'H. White. Algeria. Bulbous.—/. 

 Jios/iUica. Yellow. Rhizomatous. — I. br achy siphon. Pale blue. 

 Khizomatons.— /. BHttdnicus. Pale pink, with the outer seg- 

 ments veined with purple. Gard. form of I. squalens.— /. 

 Candiana. Outer segments reddish purple; inner segments hght 

 lavender. Germanica.— /. Coredna. Bikel. yibiriea.earlyand a 

 free hlooraer.— /. edlna. Light purple and violet. Var. of I, 

 neglecta.— /. Eggeri. Blackish brown. Oncoeyelus.— 7. FisheH. 

 Apogou.— J. fldim. Pale yellow. Germanica.—/. Qladstoniana. 

 Hybrid of I. atropurpurea. Pale black, with yellow markings.— 

 /. (jrAcilis, Lichten.=Morffia tenuis. See also index given above. 

 /. ignititia, probably Ignaeite, a form of I. neglecta. Lilac, with 

 the outer segment shaded purple.-/. liguldHs. Piurple. Ger- 

 manica.—/. monspur, Foster=I. Monnieri X I. spuria. —/. 

 v)gricans. Lvs. short ensiform: fls. dull black to deep black. 

 l>istinct from I. atropurpurea by its uniform dark color and 

 dwarf foliage. Oncocyclns.— I. pdncrea, probably pancrace, var. 

 of I. variegata. Buff and purple.— J. pdvar.^1. paradoxaXl. 

 variegata.— /. Eobinsonidna, F. Muell.=Morea Robinsoniana.— 

 /. liudini, Hort., Herl). Fls. black-brown and claret. Said to be 

 stronger and more free-flowering than the other Oncocyclus 

 Irises. — /. Sikkimensis. Lilac. Rhizomatous.—/. stenophylla. 

 This plant was discovered in the Cilician Taurus in 189.V6. 

 Haussknecht named it stenophylla without describing it. J. G. 

 Baker gives a short description inG.O. III. 27:170. Nearl.Per- 

 sica. Lvs. 5-6, linear, tufted, channelled down the face, short 

 and stiffly erect at the flowering time: fls. springing from the 

 ground, the long tube lightly wrapped round by the lanceolate 

 spathe valves; outer segments 2 in. long; blade reflexed, black- 

 ish blue towards the tip, with many black spots on a pale 

 ground below it ; inner segments small, horizontal : style 

 branches lilac. Not in American trade. G.C. 111. 27:171. Gn. 

 57:2(J3.— 7. tiiberbsa, Linn.=Hermodactylus tuherosus.— /.Toff- 

 elidna. Similar to I. Persica and I. Rosenhachiana, hut earlier- 

 flowering. Fls. variable in color, silver-gray predominating. 

 with violet, rose or lilac markings. Var. grandiflora. Large- 

 flowering. 



The following numbers are not mentioned in catalogues of 

 American dealers. They are procurable through foreign grow- 

 ers, and are adver-fised in Dutch-American catalogues: I, 4, 5. 

 H, 29, 34. 38, 39, 40, 42, 51, 52, 53. 56, 58, 59, 62, 63, 64. 66, 67. 72, 80. 

 S3, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 90, 100, 101, 102. 



H. Hasselbrlng. 



IRIS-ROOT, or ORRIS-ROOT. Iris Florentina. 



IRONBARK. Eucalyptus. 



IRONWEED, Weed. 



IRONWOOD, in America, Osfrya Virglnica. 



IRRIGATION. Irrigation in its broadest sense in- 

 cludes all problems of collecting, storing, delivering, 

 and applying water to the land through the construc- 

 tion of dams, reservoirs, canals and laterals, and the 

 application of power when necessary to deliver the 

 water; wdiile in a restricted horticultural sense it is a 

 method of cultivation, having for its object to increase 

 and regulate the water supply in the soil. 



In this latter sense Irrigation is a necessary practice 

 in the arid regions, and is advisalile in the humid re- 

 gions in proportion to the intensity of the cultivation 

 and the value of the crop grown. Thus in Florida, with 

 an average of 60 to 70 inches of annual rainfall — usually 

 well distributed- Irrigation has been largely introduced 

 in the past few years for horticultural crops and even 

 for tobacco, as an insurance against loss or damage by 

 the occasional droughts. The first cost of a small Irri- 

 gation plant in Florida, for 20 acres or over, is said to 

 be approximately $100 to $150 per acre; the interest on 

 which, and the necessary repairs, would amount to from 

 *,i to $10 per acre per annum. This is a small expendi- 

 ture to insure a crop against loss or injury where the 

 value per acre is so great as in many horticultural Hues. 

 Irrigation is neede<l not only to prevent the actual death 

 of the plants, but to promote a uniform, rapid, and con- 

 tinuous growth, which is necessary for the development 

 of the finest texture or flavor of the commercial crop. 



King has shown that the value of a crop saved in Wis- 

 consin, such as the strawberry, in a season when the 

 <'roi)S generally are injured by drought, may pay all the 

 expenses of the original cost of the Irrigation plant. 



