KCELli:UlA 



smooth, scabrous or hirsute : Ivs. 1-12 in. lonj?, Hat or 

 involute: ypikelets 2-5-fld. July-Sept. Widely distri- 

 buted in N. Amer. in sandy and prairie soil. B.B. 1:194. 



W. M. 



KCELREUTfiRIA (Joseph a. Koelreuter, 17:i:j-180G, 

 professor of natural history at Karlsruhe). Sapind^cew. 

 An arborescent genus of about 3 species occurring in 

 China and Japan, one of which is K. paniculata, a me- 

 dium-sized, irregular, round-headed tree, 2!>-30 ft. high, 

 with large, compound, irregularly toothed Ivs., yellow 

 fls. in July and largo, blaildery fruits in panicles in 

 autumn. It is hardy in IMass., although single limbs 

 are occasionally killed back in winter. It also endures 

 dry weather and hot winds in the West. It is of easy 

 culture, but requires a fairly rich soil. As an ornament 

 it may be used as a single specimen, tb'mgh not a par- 

 ticularly refined tree, or it muy be mixed with other 

 genera in the woody border. It is prop, by seeds, which it 

 ripens early and freely, by layers in autumn, by cuttings 

 of the young branches in spring, and by root-cuttings. 



paniculita, Laxm. (Sapindtis CJtin^nsis, Rlurr.). 

 Varnish Tree. Lvs. deciduous, alternate, 12 in. long, 

 unequally pinnate, without stipules; Ifts. ovate, largely 

 and irregularly dentate, glabrous, in 4-7 pairs, opposite 

 and alternate: fis. yellow, ^-2 in. long, in large, upright, 

 terminal, many-fld. panicles; sepals I}; petals 3—1, by- 

 pogynous, irregular, each claw with a scale-like appen- 

 dage, the disk enlarging before each petal; stamens 5-8: 

 ovary oblong, pubescent, becoming a 3-lobed, 3-celled 

 bladdery, inflated, triangular pod, lK-2 in. long, usually 

 red, becoming brown, borne in large, erect panicles. 

 0.0.111.2:561. Gng. 2:353 and 8:219. Gn. 32, p. 378. 



K. bipinndta, Franeh. A vigorous tree, 60 ft. hii^h. wil-h 

 doubly pinnate Ivs. over 2 ft. long, srowing in W. Oliiuii. R.H. 

 1888, p. 393. Gn. 34, p. 305.— /v. Ja/xhiica. Sieb. A more l)r;inchea 

 form with deeply cut Ivs. and smaller fruit, l>ut not ypcciticidly 

 distinct from K. paniculata. ^ Phelps Wyjian 



K(ENIGA. See Altfssum. 



KOHLKABI {Brassica oh'rncea, var. cauJo-rapa). 

 Pig. 1212. This plant exhibits a remarkable variation 

 from the normal form of the specific type, as represented 

 by the cabbage. A prominent writer on vegetables, re- 

 ferring to the botany of the plant, says: "It comes be- 

 tween the cabbage and turnip." Had this reference been 

 made to the edible portion it would be literally true. In 

 the turnip the edible part is the swollen root; in the 

 cabbage it is the fleshyand tightly curled leaves, while in 

 the Kohlrabi it is the globular enlargement midway be- 

 tween root and top. This plant is mainly grown for cattle 

 food. It is but little known in America. In France and 

 Germany its usefulness is generally recognized. In Italy 

 the partially developed stems are used as substitutes 

 for cauliflower and cabbage. It is not likely that as a 

 cattle food it will grow iu popularity in ihis country, 

 as rape is better adapted for sheep-grazing purposes, 

 and turnips can be grown witli equal ease and kept 

 through winter with greater siitisfaction. Its treatment 

 in the garden is essentially th:it of early cabbage. The 

 plants are very hardy. For very enrly crop it is de- 

 sirable to start them in a hotbed. If properly hardened 

 off, they may be set out as soon as the frost is out of 

 the ground. Plant and cultivate like early cabbages. 

 The seed of main field crop may be sown <lirectlv in the 

 hill. The rows should be 2^.^ ft. apart, and the hills 2 ft. 

 apart in the row. Several seeds are planted in each 

 hill, and all plants pulled out but one, after danger of 

 destruction by flea-beetle is over. Many growers in the 

 western states follow this plan in growing late cabbages, 

 as well as kale and brussels sprouts. The seed may be 

 planted, according to locality, from May 10 to June 20. 

 When the plants are grown in the seed bed the treat- 

 ment is essentially the same as that described under 

 Cabbage. In northern regions, only the early varieties 

 should be grown, on account of the slowness of the plant 

 in maturing. No special effort seems to have been made 

 to develop many distinct varieties of Kohlrabi. The 

 two leading types are the Purple and the White Vienna, 

 which mature sufficiently for table use in 2^2-3 months 

 from time of sowing seed; the common white requires 

 3-4 months to reach edible size, and much longer to at- 

 tain maturity. Where corn is largely grown as a cattle 



KRIGIA 



861 



1212, Kohlrabi 



food, the culture of Kohlrabi is not likely to extend. 

 Vilmorin describes Artichoke-leaved and Neapolitan. 

 Other varieties are Erfurt, Goliath, Green, Imperial, 

 Late Purple, Purple Vienna, Shortdeaved Vienna, White 

 Forcing, and White 

 Vienna. Persons who 

 like turnips will also 

 like Kohlrabi. The al- 

 most universal error 

 in using it is to allow 

 the tubers to get too 

 large. When they are 

 partially grown they 

 are soft and palatal)le. 

 Cabbage worm and 

 clubroot are the most 

 important enemies. 

 Consult, also, Brassica 

 and t'ahbaf/e. 



John Craig. 

 Kohlrabi may be 

 grown , bunched and 

 put on the market in 

 exactly the same man- 

 ner as early table beets 

 are handled. In our 

 eastern cities, where 

 the population consists 

 to a large extent of 

 people of German ex- 

 traction. Kohlrabi for 

 table use is in good de- 

 mand, or such a tle- 

 numd is easily culli- 

 vated. We find it ;in 



i-asy crop to grow, and invariably profitalde, simply be- 

 cause few gardeners make a specialty of it. As early 

 in spring as the ground can be brought into best shape, 

 sDw seed in rows with the drill, the rows to be about 18 

 inches apart, and afterwards thin tlie plants to stand 

 4 to 6 inches apart in the rows. Begin pulling and 

 bunching when the bulbs have attained a size of 2 to 3 

 inches in diameter. Make successional sowings to keep 

 up a continuous su]iply of the tender bulbs. They grow 

 tough when nearing full development and maturity. 

 Plants (.)ften winter well on their summer stems, and 

 seed may lie grown from them. fp Greiner. 



KOLA. See CoJn. 



KONJAK. See Co)iophaU>is Koujak. 



KKAtrSSIA {C F. F. Krauss, of Stuttgnrt, collected 

 plants at the Cape, and wrote on South Sea corals). 

 Hubidcew. AT. lanceolata is a shrub cultivated in 

 southern Florida, bearing small white tls. in axillary, 

 nmny-fid. cymes V^ in. or more long. K. coriacea of the 

 trade will be found under Tricalysia, an allied genus, 

 in which the fls. do not have a densely bearded throat, 

 as in Kranssia, but are quite glabrous. Kraussia has 3 

 species of shrubs from the Cape of Good Hope: Ivs. 

 opposite, short-stalked, entire, leathery, elliptical or 

 lanceolate : stipules short, persistent, grown together 

 into a small cup: corolla broadly funnel-shaped; lobes 

 5: ovary 2-celled: berry pea-shaped, 1-3-seeded. E.N, 

 Reasoner writes that the Kraussias have been frozen so 

 many times in Florida that he has never seen them in 

 flower. 



lanceolita, Sond. Branches yellowish. 4-grooved: Ivs. 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 3-3M in- long, 8-10 lines wide: 

 filaments exserted, nearly as long as the anthers : 

 stigma 2-cut, one-third as long as the style. 



KRlGIA (David Krig or Krieg, an early collector in 

 Maryland and Delaware). Composite^. Five species of 

 haniy herbaceous plants, annual and perennial, yel- 

 low-fld. and sometimes called "Dwarf Dandelions." 

 They differ from the common dandelion in haviiig :i 

 pappus composed of both chaff and bristles, instead of 

 bristles alone. They are natives of the Atlantic states. 

 Three perennial species are cult, by dealers in native 

 jilants. These have heads about 1 in, across and l.')-20 



