LILIUiAl 



short nodding pedicels, bright scarlet. J.ipan and Loo-Choo 



Islands.— //. CanUoLlcaiii, Bernli. Bulb ovoid: stem 2-;i ft.: 

 Ivs. ;{0-40, sciittered, many-nurved, witlit-iliato margins: tim. r;t.- 

 eemose, nodding, 2 in. long, orange or red. Europe. Rare in 

 eult. Kl.4j.— i>. (Jlaptomiise,\iovi. = ii. primuliuura. — L. !>a- 

 vidi. Dach. Kuown only in herbarium. — L. DeLavayi, FranrliBt. 

 A Ciiinese species recently diseovei-ed. and not yet offered for 

 sale. Fls. wine red, somewhat tho foinn of L. longitlorum,— i. 

 Fargesl. Francliet. Small, long, yellow Us. Subgenus Marta- 

 gou. Recently from China, and not yet in the trade.—//, foriuo- 

 sani, Francliet. A species recently discovered in China, resom- 

 hling Li. bulhiferum and elegans, but having white tis. Not in- 

 troduced.-//. Laiikongense, Franchet. Newly discovered in 

 Yun-nan, China. Not introduced. Subgenus Martagou.— i, 

 Loivi, Baker. A new Burmese species, having 2-3 white tls. 

 somewhat resembling L. candidum. Not yet introduced B M 

 T2-S2. Gn. 45:053. G.C. III. 14:121.— iy. marf^u/mm, Kellogg. 

 Bulb small, conical: stem low; Ivs. usually scattered, narrow, 

 often obtuse: lis. solitary or few, horizontal, 1-2 in. long, deep 

 reddish orange, spotted. Calif.— iv. medeolo)de,<t. Gray. Stem 

 slender, 1-2 ft.: Ivs. several, sometimes whorled, sometimes 

 scattered: fls, 1-3, with short, erect pedicels, I'unnel-shaped, 

 bright orange-red with a few spots. Japan, Korea. Rare or un- 

 known in cult.— jC/. niirdbile, Franchet. A new species of the 

 subgenus Cardioerinum recently found in Su-Tchuen, China. 

 Not introduced.— i. myriophyilinn, Franchet. Recently dis- 

 covered in China. Said to be a "magnificent species, recalling 

 L. Wallichianum " Not yet in the tV3.de.— L.nitidum, Hort. 

 Bnlb oblong, subrhizomatous, with crowded appressed lanceo- 

 late scales: stem 18-24 in. high: Ivs. lanceolate, scattered and 

 in whorls: fls. 10-20, bright yellow with many red-brown dots. 

 Not in American gardens.— i. occidentdlc, Purdy. Bulb rhizo- 

 mutous: stems 2-4 ft.: Ivs. scattering below, bnt in whorls at 

 the middle of the stem, lanceolate, acute: fls. few to 15, orange- 

 red, with crimson tips and black spots. Ci\.l\t,—L. ochrdceum, 

 Franchet. Chinese, recently discovered, not introduced.— i. 

 0X1/ petal urn, liiiker. One-1/^ ft. tall: Ivs. 20-30, scattered, lanceo- 

 late-linear: fl. wide funnel-shaped, or nearly rotate, purplish, 

 tinged witli green beneath, somewhat dotted inside. Western 

 Himalayas. Not in cult. El. b.~L. papilliferum., Franchet. A 

 recently named species from Yun-nan, China. Not in the trade. 

 Fls. dirty red. Belongs with L. speeiosnm, etc. — L. poli/phyl- 

 lum,'D.Don. Thre6-4 ft. high: ivs. 40-60, scattered: fls. 4-10, in 

 a loose raceme, on nodding pedicels, yellow, with purplish 

 spots. Himalayas. I.H. 32:505. — L. primulhmm. Baker. A 

 new species from Burma, with pale yellow fls., somewhat re- 

 sembling L. Nepalenso. B.M. 7227.— I/, i^wrd^i, Waugh. Bnlb 

 like L. Colurabianum: stein2-5 ft. high: Ivs. lanceolate, mnstly 

 in whorls: fls. few to 10, horizontal, orange-red, thickly dotted, 

 fragrant. Washington and British Columbia.- i. Stitchuensr, 

 Franchet. A new lily of the tenuifolium style, wdth 1-4 rerldish 

 oi-auge flowers spotted with black. Recently discovered in Su- 

 Tchuen, China ; not introdxiced. B.M. 1715.— L. Talu'iisc. 

 Franchet. A recently discovered species of the subgenus Mar- 

 tagon. Fls. white or whitish. Cliina. Not in commerce.— i. 

 Yunnanense, Franchet. A white-fld. species, somewhat resemb- 

 ling L. Japonicum recently discovered in China. Not yet in the 

 tr.ide. ^^ ^_ WAUfiH. 



LILAC. See SijrUiga. 



LILY, in the narrowest sense, i^ restricted to the ffonus 

 Lilium, but the popular names ffiven below also include 

 plants outside the family Liliacete. Many of them belon;^ 

 to the Amaryllis family. African Blue L., Agapaufhus 

 umbellatus. ASrican Com L., I.ria. Amazon L., £ii- 

 charl.s Amozonica. American Turk's Cap L., LUi'im 

 sxperlmni. Atamasco It.^ZepJiijriOiihefi Afumasro. Bar- 

 badoes L., TI/ppca.?trn}n equestre. Belladonna L., Aina- 

 ri/llls Belladonna, Bengal L., C-riniim. JougifoU iim. 

 Bermuda L., Lilium Harrhii. Black L., Fritilhtria 

 CamtHhatcensi.'i. Blackberry L., Belenirauda OJiini-n- 

 sls. Bourbon L., Lilium- candiOnm. Brisbane L., Eu- 

 rycles sylrestri.^. Calla L., Bichardia ^Blhiopira. Cape 

 L., Grinum Gapen.-^e. Checkered L., Friilllari<t Mele- 

 ('(iris. Climbing" L., Gtoriosa and Llftonia. Common 

 Wkite L., Lilium candidum. Day L., the blue and white 

 ones are Bfoikias; tlie yellow and orange ones Bemero- 

 callis. Easter L., Jjilium Barriaii. Fairy L., Zephii- 

 ranthes rosea. Fayal L., Ornithogalum Arahirum. Gol- 

 den-banded L., Lilium auratum. Golden-rayed L., 

 Lilium aura/um. Guernsey L., Nerine Sarniensis. 

 Jacobean L., Sprekdia formosissitna. Kaffir L., Selii^o- 

 sfifUs cocelnea. M.a.ti'pos&L.j Galochorf as. MartagonL., 

 Lilium Martagon. Orange "L.^ Lilium croceum. Peru- 

 vian Swamp ij., Zephy ranthes Candida. Plantain L., 

 Funkia. Pond L.,Nupkar advena. Sacred L. of China, 

 Narcissus Tasefta, Yar. orientalis. Spider L. St. Ber- 

 nard's L., Anthericnm Liliago. St. Bruno's L., Para- 

 dise.a Liliasfrum. St. James' L., Sprekelia fortnosis- 

 sima. St, Joseph's L., Lilium candidum. Tiger L., 



LIME 



923 



LUium tigrinum. Turban L,, Lilium pompovium 

 Turk's Cap L.. L,/iunt Jfnrfagojt. Water L., iS'ijmphiea. 

 White L., Lilium candid tun. 



^ LILY-OF - THE - INCAS. Alsfrmmeria Pelegrina. 

 See, also, Uiiinenocallis (Isniene). 



LILY-OF-TKE-PALACE. Bipprastrum aulicum. 



LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY. Courallaria 



majali.'<. 



LIMATODES (probably from llic Greek for meadow, 

 referring to the habitat of the plants). OrchlddcefP.] 

 Similar to Calanthe, but the sparred labellum is not 

 adnate to the coiumu but closely wrapped around it. In 

 PhajuH, and in Calanthe also, the Ivs. are not articulated 

 to the stem and therefore wither on the plant instead of 

 fall in!-. 



After resting season of Limatodes is over, say from 

 February to May, shake off the ohi potting material. If 

 plants are large, divide them and pot them moderately 

 tight. For the American climate, chop finely some good, 

 turfy loam well mixed with old rotten cow manure and 

 a little leaf mold and sharp sand and place ia a shaded 

 house, temperature 70° to 90"^. Do not water till roots 

 are well oat, and sparingly till leaves ai'e well started. 

 After that and during llower-sheath growth, they will 

 enjoy profuse waterings and spraying— water with weak 

 liquid at intervals of 10 days or so, and every plant will 

 be a marvel of beauty. 



rdsea, Lindl. {Galdnthe rd.sea, Benth.). Pscudobulbs 

 4-8 in. long, pyriforra or fusiform, grooved : lv.s. 8-18 in. 

 long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, plicate: scape from 

 the base of the pseudobulb, 12-18 in. long, slender, bear- 

 ing a many-fid. villous raceme: lis. lai'ge, rosy, 1}4 in. 

 across ; sepals ovate-lanceolate ; petals oblong, acute ; 

 lip 1>2 in. long, with a large obovate-oblong midlobe; 

 baseyellow, edged with scarlet. Jan. Burma. B.M. 5312. 

 — A hybrid of this species and Galanthe veslila ,L'm([\., 

 is common in cultivation under the name Galanthe 

 Vcitchil, Lindl., which see. John Saul said L. rosea 

 bore fls. as large as those of Galanthe. Veitchii, and 

 more brilliant in color. 



liKiNiiroH IIasselbring and Wm. Mathews. 



LIME. The use of Lime in agriculture antedates the 

 Christian era. In modern times it has been an indis- 

 pensable adjunct topotassic, phosphaticand nitrogenous 

 manures in restoring and maintaining the fertility of 

 immense areas of soil derived from sandstone, granite, 

 mica schist and certain shales and slate. Without its 

 use the wonderful transformation of Limousin in France, 

 the sandy regions of Germany, and particularly the 

 reclamation of the sour peat (Hoch-nioor) soils of north- 

 ern Germany would have been difficult or impossible. 

 Even limestone soils sometimes become so lacking in 

 Lime near the surface that they stand in great need of 

 its application. 



The necessity of Lime as a direct food for the higher 

 orders of plants has been indisputably demonstrated. 

 Its physiological role is of the greatest significance. It 

 serves also as an indirect food by transforming or set- 

 ting free other soil ingredients which plants require. 

 (1) It aids in transforming the nitrogen of organic mat- 

 ter and ammonium salts into nitric acid, which, in combi- 

 nation with potash, soda, Lime and magnesia, furnishes 

 most plants the major portion of their nitrogen. (2) It 

 appears probable that liming favors symbiosis and the 

 consequent assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen in the 

 case of clovers, alfalfa and certain other legumes, while 

 it may have an opposite effect upon others, among which 

 maybe mentioned serradella and lupines. (3j Lime at- 

 tacks certain more or less inert combinations of potash 

 and of phosphoric acid M'hich exist in soils, thereby ren- 

 dering their manurial constituents more readily assimi- 

 lable. 



Noxious iron compounds in soils are so acted upon by 

 Lime as to overcome their poisonous tendency. The 

 presence of carbonate of lime in soils prevents the 

 formation of sour humus and consequent injury to a 

 large class of agricultural plants. Liming makes clays 

 more friable and sandy soils more compact, thus im- 



