938 



LOGANBERRY 



LOMARIA 



it. It is reported tender in nearly all localities, requiring 

 the best of winter protection, and even then often being 

 injured. Thorough covering with earth in late autumn 

 is the most satisfactory method of doing this and is abso- 

 lutely essential. The berries are large, but the plants, 

 at best, are only moderately productive. In quality the 

 fruit ranlis low, though apparently improved by cool<:- 

 ing. Few persons like the liavor of the fresh fruit. It 

 now seems unlikely that the Loganberry will over become 

 prominent in the East. Fked W. Card. 



LOISELE^RIA (after J. 0. A. Loiseleur-Deslong- 

 champs, physician and botanist in Paris, 1744-1849). 

 Syn., Cham'jeledon, Ch<i nurchhts. Eriraceij:. Procum- 

 bent hardy evergreen shrub with very small, mostly op- 

 posite, closely set, entire !vs., and with small, usually 

 rose-colored fis. in terminal, few-fld. umbels. Well 

 adapted for rockeries, forming depressed tufts, but not 

 easy to grow and rarely cult. It grows best in a sunny 

 or partly shaded position in a porous, peaty and sandy 

 soil, which is well drained and has a constant but moder- 

 jii-e supidy of moisture. Prup. by seeds treated like those 

 .jt:' A/.ak'aor by cuttings of half -ripened wood under glass. 

 Only one species in the subarctic regions and high rats, 

 of the northern hemisphere, formerly included under 

 Azalea, but more closely allied to Kalmia: corolla 

 broadly campanulatc, .0-clcft; stamens 5: capsule 2-3- 

 celled. 



prociimbens, Desv. {Azalea procdmhen^i, Linn.). Only 

 a few inches high, quite glabrous: Ivs. petioted, oval 

 to narrow oblong, revolute at the margin, about K in- 

 long: Ms. l-f) on rather short pedicels, pink or whitish, 

 about one-tifth in. acru^^s. July, Aug. L.B.C. 8:7Gl^. 



Alfred Rehder. 



LOLIUM (the ancient Latin name). Orar/iriwi-r. Dar- 

 nel. Rye-Grass. Includt's about species of the Old 

 World grasses, 2 of which are introduced in the eastern 

 states and 2 are familiar fodder grasses of the same 

 region. Perennial Rye-grass was probably the first 

 pasture grass to be cultivated in Great Britain, and is 

 grown there yet to a considerable extent, where it is said 

 to occupy the same relative position of importance that 

 Timothy does here. A weedy species, 1^. teniulentmn, 

 is supposed to be the "tares" of Scripture. It is the 

 Darnel, although that name is sometimes, but perhaps 

 erroneously, applied to other species. Spikelets sev- 

 eral-tld., sessile, and placed edgewise on opposite 

 sid^s of a zigzag axis, forming a narrow spike. Our 2 

 cult, species are short-lived perennials or the second 

 scarcely more than an annual, not to be recommended 

 for permanent pasture or lawn, but are frequently em- 

 ployed for hay or annual pasture. They are successful 

 only in the moist regions of the eastern states. Seed 

 sown in autumn or early spring, 25 to .30 pounds to the 

 acre. 



per^nne, Linn. Perennial Rye-grass. One to .3 ft. 

 high, with flat, shining Ivs. and a sliender spike, 4-10 in. 

 long: spikelets 8-lG-fld., awnless or only short awned. 



Itilicum, A. Br. Italian Rye-grass. Considered by 

 many as a variety of the preceding. Differs chiefly in 

 having longer awns to the florets. _^_ g^ Hitchcock. 



LOMARIA (Greek, Lowa: a forage). PoJi/jiodidccfr. 

 A genus of rather coarse ferns occasionally with a short 

 caudex, allied to Blechnura. Sori arranged in lines, 

 parallel with the midrib, and occupying nearly the en- 

 tire space between the midrib and the margin of the 

 Ifaf. Lvs. of 2 sorts. Som^^ .35 species are known, largely 

 from the southern hemisphere. l. m_ Underwood. 



Lomaria gibba is one of the most distinct and sym- 

 metrical ferns in cultivatiim. It includes several val- 

 uable varieties. The terminal cycas-like crowns are most 

 beautiful and graceful. In their young state Lomarias 

 make good plants for table decorations, principally as 

 center pieces, but after they begin to form a steju or 

 trunk-like base, they make fine decorative house speci- 

 mens. Var. intermedia is .somewhat coarser than //. 

 f/if>ha and of more erect habit. Var. cri^pa differs only 

 in the pinnae being more or less crested and wrinkled. 



It does not grow quite as fast or as strong as either Z, 

 gibba or var. intermedia. There are several other va- 

 rieties of less commercial value. 



Propagation is entirely from spores, which are pro- 

 duced freely on the second or third course of fronds. 

 These spores must be treated much like other fern 

 spores. They should be sown or laid upon very fine 

 peaty soil or fine leaf -mold with a good portion of very 

 fine silver sand, in sliallow pans, l)Oxes or flats, and 

 kept in a warm and close atmosphere, well shaded from 

 the sun. A temperature of 75° to 80^ is best suited to 

 them. The pans or boxes should be covered with a 

 fiane of glass, and this must be removed at intervals in 

 order to keep the germinating spores from damping-off. 

 After the young plants are large enough to be bandied 

 with the assistance of a small stick, they may be pricked 

 off and transferred into fresh soil of the same quality, 

 with perhaps a little loam mixed in and again placed in 

 a congenial, warm, moist place in the propagating- or 

 warmhouse, and again covered with glass. Give air and 

 ventilation to keep them from being attacked by fun- 

 gus. After producing the first two upright fronds, they 

 may be put into thumb-pots. The soil now should be 

 one-half loam aud one-half peaty or leaf-mold soil, with 

 plenty of sharp sand. Ample drainage must be afforded, 

 and the plants kept in a temi^erature of not less than 

 G0° to 05°. 



The Lomarias, above all other ferns, must never be 

 allowed to get thoroughly dry. They love abundance of 

 water. Under proper treatment, they will soon make 

 fine specimens. When the plants are of good size, they 

 may be grown into miniature tree ferns, and as they 

 make quantities of roots and soon get pot-bound, they 

 can be reduced and root-pruned and put back into 

 S]nal]er pots. With gentle bottom heat, they soon make 

 a new set of roots and new crowns or tops. When 

 thoroughly established in this shape, they make fine 

 decorative plants. Lomarias should never be exposed 

 to the full sun. Henry A. Siebrecht. 



A. Plant with (I distinct caudex or trunk. 



B. Lvs. 6-12 in, long. 



cill&,ta, Moore. Caudex 6 in. high, \% in. thick: stipes 

 blackish: lvs. 8-12 in. long, the upper pinnse with a 

 rounded auricle at the lower side of the base; fertile 

 lvs. narrow-linear. New Caledonia. 



lanceolita, Spreng. Caudex elongate, densely clothed 

 with dark brown scales: lvs. 6-12 in. long, 2-4 in. wide, 

 with close, slightly falcate pinna?; texture leathery; 

 fertile pinnffi linear spreading. Australia aud Polynesia. 



BB. Lvs. 1)4-3 ft. long. 



c. Lower pinnm connected at base. 



discolor, Willd. Caudex ascending : stipes black, 

 glossy, with dense scales at base: lvs. l/o-3 ft. long, 

 4-(i in. wide, with pinme narrowed sudileniy toward the 

 point; fertile pinufe narrower and shorter. Australia 

 and New Zealand. 



gibba, Labill. Caudex 2-3 ft. high : stipes short, with 

 bla(dc scales: lvs. 2-3 ft. long, in. wide; fertile pinnae 

 narrower, 4-6 in. long. — Var. platyptera, is advertised. 

 Tj. i nf''rmedia , Hort., may be derived from this species. 

 New Caledonia. 



CO. Lower pi nnoj narrowed at lyase and distinct. 



Bory^na, Willd. Candex stout, erect, 1-2 ft. high, 

 woody, densely scaly: Ivs. lJ^-2 ft. long, 6-8 in. wide, 

 narrowed and sometimes auricled at base; fertile pinnse 



narrow-linear, close. West Indies to Patagonia, Mauri- 

 tins and S. Africa. — Probably includes 2 or 3 species, 

 among them L. ;^amia' folia, Hort. 



aa. Plant will/ a s/oaf, short, creeping rhizome. 



Spicant, Desv. Sterile Ivs. lanceolate, 6-9 in. long, 

 1-1 '■^> in. wide, gradually narrowed below; fertile lvs. 

 1 ft. long, with longer stalks (6-9 in.) and narrowly lin- 

 ear pinnae. Eu., western N. Amer. — The large CalJ- 

 fornian form with Ivs. 2-rt ft. long is possibly a distinct 

 siiecies. The European plant was early called Sfruthi- 

 opteris spieant by Scopoli, by which name it is nowcited 



