LYCILIM 



often slender and sarmentose steins and with alternate 

 orfiiscicled, short-petioled, entire 1 vs. ; the whitish violet 

 or purple tls. are funnelform and appear in axillary clus- 

 ters or solitar}', and are followed by usually very decora- 

 tive berries of scarlet or red, rarely yellow or black. 

 Most of the species are tender, but L. h'i/i)iiifoJ.iu)n , Jj. 

 Chinense, and also I/. Tarconianicii in undJj. Huthi'iiu-uni 

 are hardy North. The two first named are especially 

 attractive in fall, when the long and slender brunches 

 are loaded with scarlet or bright red frs., which contrast 

 well with the green foliage. The leaves remain fresh 

 and unchanged in color until they drop, after severe 

 frost. The species are well adapted for covering walls, 

 fences, arbors and other trellis work, but are, perhaps, 

 most beautiful when the branches are pendent from 

 rocks or from the top of walls. They are also used some- 

 times for hedges, and for warmer regions especially 

 Jj. Afrum may be recommended. It is much used in 

 S. Africa for this purpose under ths name of Caffir 

 Thorn. The Box Thorns grow in almost any soil that is 

 not too moist. They should not be planted near flower 

 beds or similar places, where the suckers are apt to be- 

 come troublesome. Prop, readily l)y hardwood cuttings 

 or suckers; also by layers and seeds. About 70 species 

 distributed through the temperate and subtropical re- 

 gions of both hemispheres. Lvs. mostly rather small, 

 often tleshy: fls. axillary, solitary or clustered; calyx 

 campanulate, 3-5-toothed ; corolla funnelform, with usu- 

 ally 5-lobed limb; stamens mostly H : fr. a berry, with 

 few to many seeds. 



A. Lvs, rather Jarge : corojla o-lobed, dull purplish. 



halimifolium, Mill. {L. nilgiire, Dun. L. fldecidion, 

 Koch). Shrub, with long and slender, spiny or unarmed 

 l)ranches, recurving or sarmentose, glabrous : lvs. cune- 

 ate, narrow, oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, grayish 

 green, l>2-2 in. long: Us. 1-4, long-pedicelled; corolla 

 ^•i in. across, limb about as long as tube; filaments hir- 

 sute at the base: fr. oval, orange-red or sometimes j'el- 

 low, to Kin. long. May-Sept. China to S. E. Eu. Gn.;n, 

 p. ;CU and 34, p. G3. B.B. 3:138.- This species and also 

 the following are often confounded with I/. SJuri>p<rtiiii 

 and L. Barharum, which are chiefly distinguished by 

 the filaments being glabrous at the base, by the longer 

 tube and by the narrower and smaller lvs. They are not 



LYCOPERSICUM 



957 



1336. 



J. urn}. 



1335. Upright Tomato, Lycopersicum esculentum. 

 var. validum. 



hardy North and are rare in cultivation, while/., halimi- 

 foUiun and the following are hardy. 



Chinense, Mill. Similarto the former, of more vigorous 

 growth: brandies to 12 ft. long: lvs. ovate to lanceolate, 

 bright green, 13.-3 in. : fis. somewhat larger: fr. scarlet 

 or bright orange-red, ovate to oblong, sometimes almost 

 lin. long. June-Sept. China. G.F. 4:102. -The larger 

 fruited form is some- 

 times distinguished 

 as var. inegistocir- 

 pum, Hort. (var. ina- 

 crocdrpKiii , Hort). 



AA. Zrs. .sniall, ^_i 

 in. long or shorter. 



Chil6nse, Bert 

 Shrub, with slender, 

 often p r o c u ni 1) e n t 

 and mostly spineless 

 branches: lvs. cune- 

 ate at base, oblong, 

 glandular -pubescent 

 on both sides, grayish 

 green, %~J4 in. long: 

 tls. usually solitary; , 

 pedicels longer than 

 the 5-lobed, whitish 

 pubescent calyx; eo- 

 rollaabout ]-{\xx. long, 

 ))ubescent and yel- 

 lowish outside, limb 

 fj-lobed, pu rp li sli 

 within, about as long 

 as tube: fr. orange- 

 red. July-Oct. Chile. 

 — The grayish color 

 and glandular pubes- 

 cence gives the foli- 

 age a frosted appear- 

 ance. Int. V.m) by 

 Franceschi, Santa 

 Barbara, Calif. 



Richii, Gray. Shrub, with slender spiny branches: 

 lvs. sbort-petioled, cuneate, obovate, obtuse, glabrous 

 or minutely puberulous when yoTing, about K in. long: 

 W^. usually 2-3; calj-x as long as pedicels, wit^ elongated 

 teeth ; corolla % in. long, tube longer than 4-lobed limb: 

 fr. globular, brightred, ^itin- across. May-Sept. S.Calif. 



hbrridum, Thunb. Erect, spiny, much-branched shrub, 

 b> 3 ft., glabrous: lvs. sessile, spatulate, glabrous, 

 about ^4 in. long : fls. short-pedicelled, small, whitish, 

 with rather slender tube and 3-4-lobed limb. S.Afr.— 

 As I have seen no specimens of the pdant in trade under 

 this name, I am not sure whether it is the true L. horri- 

 Jiim of Thunberg described ab(.ve, or perhaps L. Afrum , 

 which is much used in S. Africa for hedges; the latter 

 is easily distinguished by its large purple fls. 



L. Afnan, 7_,inn. Upright, ritrid, spiny: lvs. linear-spatnlate. 

 small: tls. sdHtarv, tuliular, with short limb, purple. 1 in. l<»7ii?. 

 N. and S.Afr. B.K. ^u'JA. S.B.F.(t. II. ■i-MA.— L. Bdrhannn, 

 Ijiun. Spiny or unarmed slender shiaib. Similarto L, luilimi- 

 fnUum: ris. ;i-(j: till le inside and 11 laments at base glabrous, tube 

 longer than limb. N. Afr. — L. Europceum, Linn. (L. Mediter- 

 raueum, Dun.). Spiny shrub, with spreading branches: lvs. 

 spatulate, thickish: fls. short-pedicelled, with the slender tuhe 

 much longer til an limb. Mediter. region. — L. fv.chsio)des, HBK. 

 = Iochroma fuehsioides.— i. oviitum. Dun. (L. rhombifolinm, 

 Idpp.). Allieil to L. Chinense. Lvs. rhombic-ovate: fr. oblong, 

 large, with conf'a^■e apex. ^i. pallidum. I\Iiers. Spiny spreading 

 shi-ub, to 3 ft.: lvs. spatulate, glaueous, 1-2 in. long: tls. pedi- 

 '■elled. j»ale greenish purple, funnelform, almost 1 in. long: fr. 

 globular, bright red. Ariz, and Utah to Mexico. G.F. 1:341. 

 Has proved h.-irdy in the Arnold Arboretum. — L. JRuthenicum. 

 !Murr. Upright spiny sbiaib: lvs. linear, small, thick: tls. small, 

 with rather long tube: fr. globular, black. — JL. Turcoiunniann. 

 Turez. Slender spiny shmb. allied to L. halimifolium: lvs. and 

 fls. smaller, tube more slender and longer: fr. globular. Turke- 

 stan. N. China. — L. suhglbhosuin . Dun. Allied to Ij. h,-dimi- 

 folium, dwartVr, more erect, less spiny: lvs. smaller: fr. suliglo- 

 bose, small. S.Europe. Alfred Eehder. 



LYCOP^RSICITM {wolf peach ; probably an allusion to 

 its inferiority as compared with the peach). Solanitcecv. 

 Tomato. Perhaps nearly a dozen herbs of the western 

 side of S. America, two of which are in common cultiva- 



Leaves of Tomatoes. 



•r^icuiii escxdeut}! Ill , var. 

 iii'"udifolijnn. 

 Igare: LI, cross of the two. 



