994 



MATTHIOLA 



MAXILLARTA 



bic6mi3, DC H;ilf-shrubby, stT4igG;!ing annual or bi- 

 ennial: fls. smaller tlian those of M. incami, purplish 

 or lilac, fi-ajri-;mt by night, closintr by day : pnd terete, 

 long, 2-horned : Ivs. piunatifid, or the uppermost entire. 

 Greece, Asia Minor. 



M. sinuata, var. Oi/ensis, Kouy & Foue., is figured in B.M. 7703 

 (190U), tv'here it is siiid that "the name Oyeusis h;i,s been cor- 

 rupted in gardens toOhiensisandChinensis." The plant is from 

 the lie d' Yeu (Insula Oya, whence the name) on the coast of 

 France. It is an annual or biennial, ^^ith sinuate-toothed Ivs., 

 hairy, and with iar-e white fragrant lis. Not known to be in 

 cult, in this country. L, H. B. 



MATTRANDIA (after Maurandy, professor of botany at 

 Cartagena, Spain). Also written Muurandya. IScroph- 

 ularidcece.. About 5 species of Mexican climbers, with 

 usually halberd-shaped Ivs. and showy, irreguhir trum- 

 pet-shaped fls., white, rose, purple and blue, the throat 

 usually white or light-colored. The lis. are somewhat 2- 

 lipped. The coninionest species is JI. Barvlalana, 

 which is procnrLiide in a greater range of colors than 

 the others. Maurandias are desirable vines for winter- 

 flowering in cool greenhouses, but since they bloom the 

 first year from seed, they are almost wholly grown for 

 summer bloom outdoors and treated like tender annuals. 

 They have a slender habit and grow alxjut 10 ft. in a 

 season. In the fall the vines may be taken up and re- 

 moved into the house if desired. 



Botanicallv, this genus is nearest to the snapdragon, 

 though the throntof the flower is not closed. The plant 

 known to the trade chiefly as Maiirandia ant irrhini flora 

 is now referred to Antirrhinum. (See Anllrrhninm, 

 where this plant is figured.) It is a climber and requires 

 the culture of IMaurandia. Maurandias climb by the 

 twistingof the leaf- and flower-stalks. They areglabrous 

 or pubescent: Ivs. alternate, or the lower ones opposite, 

 halberd-shaped, angular-lobed or coarsely toothed: 

 calyx 5-parted ; segments narrow or hroad: corolla tube 

 scarcely bulged at the hase; posterior lip 2-cut; ante- 

 rior lip variously parted: stamens 4-didynamous. 



1378. Maurandia scandens (XH)- 



A. Seeds tubercled, ivhighi^^: ealyx ser/ments narroiv: 

 Ivs. haslate, not .serrate. { Sutigenus E urfiaurandla . ) 

 B. CahfX disfuirtJif gjavdiilar-pilose: segment:^ Jong- 

 att<niuale. 

 Barclaiina, Lindl. Usually, hut not origin ally, written 

 Bnrclaijana. B.ii. i;!:llU8. L.B.C. 14:]3bl. "V. .t:353. 

 — The following trade names advertised like species- 

 name.s are presumably all color-varieties of this species: 

 M. alba, albtfloro , Bmcryduii rosea ^ juirpnri'f/ ijrandl- 

 flora, variiis. The last is a trade name f<u* mixed 

 varieties. 



BB, Calyx glabrous, shorter. 

 semp^rflorens, Ort. Pis. lavender-colored ; throat 

 white. B.M. -iOO.-Cult. in S. Calif. 



AA. Seeds ivitJi a lacerated or irregular wi}if}: calyx 

 .segiticHls leafy and broad: Ivs. triangular-ovate, 

 serrate. { Subgenus IfOphosper^num. ) 

 B. Corolla lobes obtuse or even notched. 

 erub^scens, (iray. Lvs. somewhat triangular in out- 

 line, serrate: lis. ;{ iu. long, rosy pink. B.M. 'A037, 3038 

 B.R. 10:1381. (.-i.C. 11. 20:501. -Cult, in S. Calif. 



BB. Corolla lobes acute. 

 scAndens, Gray {Lopliospermum scandens, D. Don). 

 Fig. 1378. Perhaps only a botanical variety of the pre- 

 ceding. B.M. yiifjO.— A hybrid with the preceiling is 

 shown in B. 5:242. -^t ^y 



MAURlTIA (after Prince Moritz, of Nassau, I5G7-1GG5, 

 patron of Piso and Marcgraf ; by bis aid a Natural His- 

 tory of Brazil was published). Palmaceoi. Very grace- 

 ful fan palms, almost spineless : stems very slender, 

 obscurely ringed: lvs. pinnately flabelliform, semi-circu- 

 lar, orbicular or wedge-shaped, the lobes lanceolate, 

 acuminate; rachis long or short; petiole cylindrical: 

 ovary perfectly 3-celled. There are G or 7 tropical 

 American species. 



flexuosa, Linn. f. Moriche I^alm. Stems without sto- 

 lons : lvs. 20-30, erect-spreading, 9-16 ft. long ; blade 

 23i-4 ft. long, yellowish beneath; lobes %-\% iu.wide; 

 petiole stout, rigid, serai-cylindrical, equalingthe blade: 

 fr. nearly 2 in. long, depressed-globose ; seed 1);^ in. long. 

 Trop. Brazil.— Offered in 1889 by Reasoner Bros, in 

 the Amazon delta this palm grows to 150 ft. or more in 

 height, with a trunk often 30 in. in diani. at base. "The 

 fruit is spherical, the size of a small apple, and covered 

 with rather small, smooth, brown, reticulated scales, 

 beneath which is a thin coating of pulp. A spadix loaded 

 with fruit is of immense weight, often more than two 

 men could carry between them.— Wallace, '' Palius of 

 the Amazon." Jared G. Smith. 



MAXILLARIA (Latin, m«X(7?rt, jaw; referring to the 

 mentum). Oi-cliidlice<K. Mostly pseudobulbous, epiphytic 

 orchids, resembling Ly caste iu general appearance. 

 The genus contains over 100 species, dispersed at va- 

 rious altitudes in Blexico, Brazil and the West Indies. 

 About 15 species are offered by dealers in America. 

 Many of these have small flowers and are of value only 

 in collections. They are, however, easily grown, and 

 blossom profusely. Among those given below, the 

 large, white-flowered M. grandiilora and M. veuvsta, 

 and the white and purple M. Sanderiana are probably 

 the best species. Rhizomes short or long, creeping or 

 erect, and clothed with distichous lvs.: pseudobulbs 

 clustered or scattei'ed on the rhizome, 1-2-lvd. or 

 densely distichophyllous at the apex of the rhizome: 

 lvs. leathery or suhfleshy, plicate or plane and keeled, 

 distichous: sepals subequal, free from each other but 

 united with the foot of the column and forming a pro- 

 jecting mentum ; petals similar or smaller: labelhimS- 

 lobed, movably articulated to the foot of the column: 

 lateral lolies erect; middle lol)e with longitndinal cal- 

 losities. The scai)o arises apparently from the base of 

 the pseudobulb, on the very young leafy axis, l>ut lower 

 down than the corresponding new growth. Poliinia 4, 

 seated on a broad, scale-like stipe. The distichous ar- 

 rangement of the lvs. distinguishes this genus from 

 Lycaste. Por M. JTarrisoukv and tetragona , see Lycaste. 

 Heinkich Hasselbring. 



Maxillarias are of easy culture, and can be grown un- 

 der various methods of treatment with fair success. 

 The best compost consists of clean peat fiber taken from 

 the several species of Osmunda, and live sphagnum, 

 both chopped rather fine and well mixed together. After 

 the receptacle is half tilled with clean drninago and (be 

 plant properly placed, the compost should be pressed 

 iirmly in around the roots, interspersing it with nodules 

 of charcoal. In their native habitats, many uf the fine- 

 rooted species grow on rock sand trees with very little com- 

 post attached. The base of the pseudobulbs or rhizome 

 should rest ou a convex surface raised a little above the 



