position seems easily influenced by the water content of the surface soil. 

 Thus it may be displaced by an herbaceous flora and again regain its 

 ascendancy within quite a smaU area. 



The largest species of the herbaceous flora, and in fact the greater 

 proportion of it, are monocotyledonous, and in many places occur in 

 pure societies. The ground flora of the path, which is a few inches 

 high only, contains abundantly species of Cleome, Desmodium and 

 Geophila obvallata, with various Filicinece, Fern Allies, and Graminece. 



The following are some common examples of the various species 

 that make up the different tiers : — 



IN THE TWO HIGHEST TIERS : — 



A/romosia laxiflora. Erythrophlawm guineense. 



Afzelia spp. Heritiera utilis. 



Anopyxis ealcensis. Khaya spp. 



Bombax spp. Lophira procera. 



Bussea occidentalis. Mimusops sp. 



Calpocalyx sp. Pentaclefhra macrophylla 



Chlorophora excelsa. Piptadenia africana. 



Cynometra spp. Pycnanthus Kombo. 



Entandrophragma spp. Xylia sp. 

 Eriodendron anfractuosum. 



THE THIRD TIER : 



Allanhlackia fioribunda. Macrolobium spp. 



Alstonia congensis. Pentadesma butyracea. 



Berlinia spp. Ricinodendron africanum. 



Cola spp. Tetrapleura Thoningii. 

 Dialium guineense. 



THE FOURTH OR LOWEST TIER : — 



CallicMlia spp. Musanga Smithii. 



Cola chlamydantha. Myrianthus spp. 



Conopharyngia spp. Rauwolfia sp. 



CLIMBERS : — 



Bandeircsa simplifolia. ■ Landolphia spp. 



Carpodinus spp. Pleioceras Barteri. 



Duparquetia orchidacea. 



(b) The Deciduous Forest. 

 This is the north-western part of the closed forest in which the 

 desiccating cHmatic influences show a marked effect. In the area 

 covered by this type of forest the soil varies from clay to sand according 

 to the bedrock from which it is derived. This, for the most part, in 

 central Ashanti, is crystalline rocks of granitic and gneissic types 

 frequently capped by laterite in which are found embedded lumps of 



