90 JUNCACEAE. 



Juncus tenuis Willd. Densely tufted, 15-30 cm. tall; leaves flat or some- 

 what involute, narrow, shorter than the stems; auricles whitish, 1-1.5 mm. long; 

 panicle loose, seldom exceeded by the slender bract; perianth segments spread- 

 ing, lanceolate, pale, 3-4 mm. long; capsule ovoid, thin-walled, round at the 

 apex, 1 -celled with 3 parietal placentae; seeds minutely reticulate. 



In moist places, common. 



Juncus occidentalis (Coville) Wiegand. In habit like J. tenuis, but stouter; 

 panicles denser, sometimes glomerate; perianth yellowish, the segments erect, 

 4-5 mm. long; capsule ovoid, the walls firm. 



Rare in our limits. Victoria, Macoun; Coupeville, Washington, Gardner. 



Juncus oxymeris Engelm. Stems flattened and two-edged, 60-100 cm. 

 high, from stout rootstocks; leaves 5-8 mm. broad; panicle compound, loose, 

 8-20 cm. long; perianth segments linear-lanceolate, acuminate, pale, shorter 

 than the capsule; stamens 6. 



In marshy places, not common. Vancouver Island to California. 



Juncus ensifolius Wiks. Rootstocks thick, creeping; stems leafy, 15-30 

 cm. high; heads few, globose, dark brown or nearly black; perianth segments 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm. long; stamens 3, rarely 6; capsule 3-angled, 

 acute, barely exceeding the perianth. 



Very common, Alaska to California. 



Juncus ensifolius major Hook. Differs from the species in being larger, 

 30-60 cm. high, and in bearing more numerous smaller pale brown heads. 

 Common in wet places. 



Juncus supiniformis Engelm. Tufted, with very short rhizomes; stems 

 many, 3-10 cm. high, shorter than the leaves; leaves septate, very narrow, 

 terete or somewhat compressed, the floating ones very slender, the emersed 

 ones erect, rigid; heads several, 2-5-flowered, umbellate; perianth segments 

 greenish or purplish, oblong-lanceolate, acute, equal in length; stamens 3; 

 capsules 3-angled, mucronate, longer than the perianth. 



In water, Vancouver Island, Macoun, and northern California. 



Juncus acuminatus Michx. Stems tufted, 30-60 cm. tall; stem leaves 

 1—3, with prominent partitions; panicle loose, with ascending stout stiff 

 branches; heads pale, 5— 20-flowered; perianth segments subequal, lanceolate- 

 subulate, shorter than the acute capsule; stamens 3. 



Rare in our limits, but widely spread, British Columbia to Maine and south- 

 ward to Oregon and Georgia. 



Juncus bolanderi Engelm. Stems 60-100 cm. high; leaves not flattened, 

 the ligules very large; heads few, subglobose, 9-12 mm. in diameter, many- 

 flowered; perianth brown, the segments subequal, narrow and aristate, 2.5-3.5 

 mm. long; stamens 3; capsule obtuse, equalling or exceeding the perianth. 



Vancouver Island to northern California, near the coast, rather rare. 



Juncus torreyi Coville. Stems 20-80 cm. high, bearing 2 or 3 slender leaves; 

 flowers crowded into 1-20 pale heads, each 10-15 mm. in diameter; perianth 

 segments subulate, the outer longest. 



Very rare in our limits. Coupeville, Washington, Gardner. 



Juncus mertensianus Bong. Stems terete, weak, crowded, 10-30 cm. 

 high, from short creeping rootstocks; leaves 5-15 cm. long, about 2 mm. wide; 

 ligules scarious; heads solitary, globose, dark brown, about 1 cm. broad; 

 perianth segments lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm. long, exceeding the obtuse 

 capsule. 



In the mountains at 1500-2500 m. elevation, common. 



