122 FAGACEAE. 



Leaves with obtuse lobes; involucre shallow. Q. garryana. 



Leaves with sharp-pointed lobes; involucre deep. Q. californica. 



Quercus garryana Dougl. Garry Oak. Usually a large tree, with rather 

 thin deeply checked bark; leaves thick, 10-15 cm. long, coarsely lobed; lobes 

 obtuse or acutish, usually entire but often again lobed; nut ovoid or obovoid, 

 obtuse, in a shallow cup. 



Common, especially on gravelly prairies. First described from Vancouver, 

 Washington. On the islands in the northern part of Puget Sound, this oak 

 becomes a low shrub locally known as " Vine Oak." The leaves of this form, 

 which has never been found fruiting, are exceedingly variable, the lobes mostly 

 acute and over-lapping. Professor Greene considered this to represent a 

 distinct species which he named Q. gilberti. In sheltered places, this oak 

 assumes the ordinary foliage of the Garry oak. 



Quercus californica (Torr.) Cooper. (Q. kelloggii Newberry.) California 

 Black Oak. Tree 20-30 m. high with rough black bark; leaves 10-16 cm. 

 long, oval in outline, shiny, deeply lobed, the lobes sharp-pointed ; nuts oblong- 

 ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, in deep cups. 



From the McKenzie River, Lane County, Oregon, southward through 

 California. 



Family 29. URTICACEAE. Nettle Family. 

 Herbs (in ours) ; leaves alternate or opposite, simple, with or 

 without stipules; flowers small, monoecious, dioecious or polyg- 

 amous; calyx of 2-5 nearly separate sepals or cup-shaped; 

 petals none; stamens as many as the calyx-lobes and opposite 

 them; ovary 1-celled, mostly superior; ovule solitary; fruit an 

 akene; endosperm scanty or none. 



152. URTICA. Nettle. 



Annual or perennial simple or branching herbs with stinging 

 hairs; leaves opposite, 3-7-nerved, petioled, dentate or incised, 

 with distinct stipules; flowers greenish, very small and numerous, 

 dioecious or monoecious; staminate flowers with a deeply 4- 

 parted calyx and 4 stamens; pistillate flowers with 4 sepals, the 

 two inner larger and in fruit enclosing the akene; the two outer 

 smaller and spreading. 



Urtica lyallii Wats. Perennial with creeping rootstocks; stems simple, 

 erect, 1-2 m. high, merely bristly or glabrous; leaves broadly ovate, cordate, 

 very coarsely dentate, green and usually glabrous above, pubescent or glabrous 

 beneath, 8-16 cm. long; stipules large, obtuse; pedoles slender; flowers in loose 

 panicles; akene ovate. 



Common in moist soil. The stinging hairs cause severe irritation. First 

 found by Dr. Lyall on the northern boundary of Whatcom County. 



Family 30. LORANTHACEAE. Mistletoe Family. 



Parasitic shrubs or herbs, yellow or yellowish-green, growing 

 on woody plants and absorbing food from their sap through 



