144 CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 



with margined petioles; flowers large; pedicels erect, 3-5 cm. long; calyx cla- 

 vate, 1.5-2 cm. long, the teeth acute; petals white or pink, cleft into 4 narrow 

 lobes. 



Prairies and open woods, Willamette Valley, Oregon, to California. 



Silene scouleri Hook. Perennial, puberulent throughout, glandular- viscid 

 above; stems erect, simple, 40-60 cm. tall, solitary or tufted; radical leaves 

 lanceolate or oblanceolate, 4-6 cm. long, on slender petioles of equal length; 

 cauline several pairs, sessile at the swollen nodes, lanceolate, 5-8 cm. long; 

 inflorescence narrow, elongated; flowers short-pedicelled, one or several in the 

 axils; calyx cylindrical or club-shaped, 10-15 mm. long, with 10 dark nerves 

 and short scarious-margined teeth; petals 2-cleft, the lobes notched; auricles 

 of the claw narrow, cleft into narrow lobes. 



Dry prairies, originally found at Vancouver, Washington, by Scouler. 



Silene suksdorfii Robinson. Perennial, 5-10 cm. high, forming broad tufts; 

 leaves linear to spatulate, obtuse, 8-15 mm. long; flowers in clusters of 1-3, 

 the inflorescence glandular; calyx about 10 mm. long, with conspicuous nerves; 

 petals white, notched at apex, the lobes entire, the lateral auricles oblong; 

 capsule on a short stipe. 



On high peaks of the Cascade Mountains at about 2700 m. altitude. 



Silene douglasii Hook. Perennial, tufted, somewhat pubescent and usually 

 viscid-glandular in the inflorescence; flowering stems erect, 30-50 cm. tali, 

 simple; leaves narrowly lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, 

 5-8 cm. long; cymes few-flowered, long-peduncled; calyx 10-15 mm. long, 

 cylindric or obovoid, slightly inflated, pale green, the nerves inconspicuous and 

 the short teeth scarious margined; petals white or pinkish, 2-lobed; scales 

 oblong, obtuse; claw broad, with a short auricle at each side at the apex. 



Mostly in the mountains; common and very variable. 



Silene macounii Wats. Very similar to S. douglasii but the blade of the 

 petals 4-lobed, the lateral lobes narrow and acute, smaller than the median 

 lobes. 



In the Cascade and Olympic Mountains at about 2000 m. altitude; perhaps 

 not specifically distinct from S. douglasii. 



177. LYCHNIS. 



Showy plants similar to Silene, but with styles always 5 and the 

 pod opening with 5 or 10 teeth. , n $f: ^ 



Lychnis coronaria (L.) Desr. Mullein Pink. Herbage white-woolly 

 throughout; stems stout, erect, 30-90 cm. high; leaves oval or oblong, the cau- 

 line much reduced; calyx ovoid, the alternating ribs prominent; petals crimson, 

 sometimes white, the appendage at the top of the claw stiff and sharp. 



Introduced from Europe. 



178. PENTACAENA. 



Low densely tufted perennials ; leaves subulate, densely crowded 

 on the branches; stipules dry and silvery; flowers sessile, clustered 

 in the axils ; sepals 5 , nearly distinct, hooded , unequal , spiny ; petals 

 minute, scale-like, perigynous; stamens 3-5, on the base of the 

 sepals; style very short, 2-cleft; fruit a utricle, included in the 

 rigid connivent calyx. 



Pentacaena ramossissima (Weinm.) Hook. & Arn. Plants densely matted, 

 the stems prostrate, 10-50 cm. long; leaves very numerous, subulate, straight 



