284 PRIMULACEAE. 



Capsule dehiscing by valves from the apex. 



Filaments united into a yellow tube half as long as the an- 

 thers; flowers purple; leaves entire. D. vulgare. 



Filaments free; flowers white; leaves dentate. D. dentatum. 



Capsule circumscissile; filaments free or nearly so, black. 



Leaves broadly elliptic to obovate. D. latifolium. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, crenate. D.jeffreyi. 



Dodecatheon vulgare (Hook.) Piper. {D. paticiflorum (Durand) Greene.) 

 Glabrous throughout, 15-45 cm. high; leaves spatulate-oblanceolate, obtuse, 

 entire or rarely denticulate, 5-10 cm. long, narrowed into a winged petiole as 

 long; umbels 5-20-flowered ; bracts of the involucre triangular-lanceolate, acute, 

 6-20 mm. long; pedicels 1-6 cm. long; calyx-lobes broadly lanceolate, acute or 

 acuminate, not much longer than the tube; petals purple, 1 cm. long; stamineal 

 tube yellow, half as long as the purple anthers; capsules ovoid, 6-9 mm. long, 

 splitting into 5 teeth at the apex when mature. 



In dry open ground. 



Dodecatheon dentatum Hook. Glabrous ; leaves ovate to oval, thin, irregu- 

 larly dentate, 5-10 cm. long, the petiole about as long as the blade ; scape 20-30 

 cm. high; calyx-lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, acuminate, about as long as 

 the tube; corolla white with two purple spots at the base of each lobe; capsule 

 cylindric, opening at the tip by teeth. 



On wet banks in the Cascade Mountains and along the gorge of the 

 Columbia River. 



Dodecatheon latifolium (Hook.) Piper. (D. hendersoni Gray.) Leaves 

 broad, elliptic or obovate, narrowed at base, entire; scape 10-30 cm. high; 

 corolla dark-purple with yellow center; stamens dark purple, the tube 1-2 mm. 

 long; capsule opening by a lid, then splitting. 



In open fields and prairies. First found at Fort Vancouver by Douglas. 



Dodecatheon jeffreyi Van Houtte. (D. viviparum Greene.) Leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 15-25 cm. long, crenate with a minute 

 callus in each notch; scapes 25-50 cm. high; flowers deep purple; stamens 

 distinct to the base, dark purple; capsule opening by a lid. 



Common in wet alpine meadows. 



389. DOUGLASIA. 



Low tufted herbs, often somewhat woody; leaves in a basal 

 rosette; flowers solitary or in small umbels; calyx campanulate, 

 5-lobed, persistent; corolla-lobes spreading, the tube equalling 

 or exceeding the calyx, the throat contracted and 5-crested be- 

 neath the sinuses; stamens distinct, included; style filiform; 

 ovary 5-ovuled; capsule turbinate, 1 or 2-seeded. 



Douglasia laevigata Gray. Nearly glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 mostly entire, obtuse, 4-6 mm. long; flowers blood-red, in small umbels. 



In the mountains. First found on Mount Hood, Oregon, by Howell; 

 very common in the Olympic Mountains; Goat Mountains near Mount 

 Rainier, Allen. 



390. ANDROSACE. 



Small herbs; leaves in a basal rosette; flowers very small, 

 solitary or in umbels; calyx 5-cleft, with a short tube; corolla 

 salver-shaped or funnelform, 5-parted, the lobes erect or spread- 

 ing, the tube shorter than the calyx; capsule 5-valved. 



