COMPOSITAE. 377 



520. HELIANTHUS. 



Coarse annuals or perennials; leaves entire or toothed, all or 

 at least the lower ones opposite; heads solitary or corymbose, 

 medium or large; ray-flowers yellow, sterile; disk-flowers yellow, 

 brownish or dark-purple; receptacle flat or convex; pappus a pair 

 of early-falling chaffy scales or awns ; akenes neither very flat nor 

 winged; ray-akenes laterally compressed; disk-akenes 4-angled, 

 compressed. 



Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke. Pubescent or hirsute; 

 stems erect, 1-3 m. high; leaves ovate to oblong-lanceolate, subcordate, acu- 

 minate, serrate, scabrous above, pubescent beneath, the lower ones opposite; 

 tegules loose, lanceolate, attenuate, hirsute-ciliate, spreading at the tips, as 

 long as the disk; ray-flowers 12-20, 3-4 cm. long; akenes pubescent. 



Escaped from cultivation; native of the eastern states. The rootstocks 

 bear edible tubers. 



521. JAUMEA. 



Perennial plants, herbaceous or suffrutescent, with opposite 

 entire leaves and peduncled solitary heads of yellow flowers; 

 involucre campanulate, the broad fleshy tegules imbricated in 2 

 series, the outer shorter; receptacle conical, naked; corollas 

 glabrous; style branches papillose or hairy, truncate to short- 

 conical; akenes 10-nerved; pappus (in ours) none. 



Jaumea carnosa (Less.) Gray. Glabrous, somewhat fleshy; stems ascend- 

 ing, leafy, 20-40 cm. high; leaves spatulate-linear, nearly terete, sessile and 

 cuneate at base, 2-3 cm. long; head erect, short-peduncled; involucre cam- 

 panulate; ray-corollas 6-10, linear, short; receptacle conical, smooth, fleshy; 

 akenes glabrous, without pappus. 



In salt marshes along the seashore, Vancouver Island to California. 



522. BAERIA. 



Mostly annual herbs with opposite entire or pinnately dis- 

 sected leaves and yellow, flowers ; heads many-flowered, radiate; 

 involucre herbaceous, campanulate to hemispheric, with 5-15 

 oblong to ovate plane or somewhat keeled tegules in a single 

 series; receptacle subulate to conical, naked; corolla of the disk- 

 flowers with a slender tube as long as the 5-lobed campanulate 

 limb ; akenes slender somewhat clavate ; pappus a crown of scales 

 or sometimes wanting. 



Baeria maritima Gray. Pubescent when young but becoming glabrous; 

 stems diffusely spreading; leaves oblong-linear, entire or the lower sparingly 

 laciniate-toothed, 2.5 cm. long; tegules 6-8; ray-corollas orbicular; akenes 

 puberulent; pappus of 3-5 subulate awns and at least as many small narrow 

 laciniate scales. 



Bird Island, Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island, Newcomb, and the Farallone 

 Islands, California; not known to occur elsewhere. 



