List of Illustrations. xvii 



Pia. PAGE 



367. Manus of a young Ostrich . . . 440 



368. Foot of a young Chick .... 440 



369. Pelvis of a young American Ostrich. 441 



370. Brain of a Pigeon .... 442 



371. Eye of a Bird. .... . 443 



372. Iiunga of a Chick embryo 446 



373. Lungs of a Pigeon . . 446 



374. Section through the trachea and bronchus of a Bird . . . 447 



375. Diagram of the heart and arterial arches of Crocodile and Bird . 448 



376. Reproductive organs of a Hen . . 449 



377. Reproductive organs of a Cock 449 



378. Arohseopteryx . . . 452 



379. Longitudinal section of a hair . 467 



380. A claw, B nail, C hoof . . 469 



381. Longitudinal section of the tip of a Mammalian digit . . . 470 



382. Tips of toes seen from below . . 470 



383. Axis vertebra of a young Platypus . . 472 



384. Sternum and clavicle of a Kangaroo . 473 



385. SkuUofaDog 474 



386. SkuU of an old Pig ..... 475 



387. Eight half of the shoulder girdle of a young Platypus 477 



388. Eight half of the shoulder girdle of a young Ape 477 



389. Left half of the pelvis of a young Ornithorynchus 478 



390. Left half of the pelvis of a new-born Calf . . 478 



391. Tibia of a one-year-old Horse .... . 479 



392. Diagrammatic transverse section of the head of a Mammal to show the 



relations of the auditory organ . . 481 



393. Dentition of a Mole 483 



394. The teeth of a Pig, showing the replacement 484 



395. A, incisor of a Dog shortly after it has come into use ; B, the same tooth 



in an old Dog . . 485 



396. Longitudinal section through the head and neck of a Dog 486 



397. Small portion of a mammalian lung . . . 488 



398. Heart and arterial arches of MammaUa . . . 489 



399. The terminal portions of the gut, of the urinary and genital apparatus in 



the females of various Mammalia ... . 490 



400. The MiiUerian ducts and urinogenital sinus of various Mammalia 491 



401. Diagrammatic longitudinal section of the cloaca (or rectum) and copulatory 



organs, j1 of a Crocodile, B of a Monotreme, C, D of various other 



Mammalia ... . 492 



402. Placenta of a Mammal .... . 494 



403. Eight hind foot of : A Phalangista, B a Kangaroo, C Chormpus 498 



404. Fore-foot of : A Tapir, B Rhinoceros, Horse . 502 



405. Left fore-foot of Anchitherium, Hipparion, and Horse . 504 



406. Manus of : A Pig, B Stag, Camel . 505 



407. Diagrammatic longitudinal section of the stomach : J. of a Camel, B of an 



ordinary Euminant, C of a Tragulus . 507 



408. Skeleton of a Mastodon .... 510 



