436 



Vertehrata. 



movable; sometiines, even^ fused together; the articular surfaces of 

 the centra are usually like those of the cervicals. The last, or the 

 last two or three thoracics, the lumbar^ sacral, and some of the 



Pig. 361. Skeleton of a raven. 1, 2, 3 first — ^third fingers, 1' and 4' first and fourth 

 toes, ca carpus, cl clavicle, co coraeold (nearly coveied by h), f fibula, h humerus, il iUvuu, 

 W anterior portion of this, is ischium, mr,^ and mc^ first and third metacarpals, mi large 

 metatarsals (consisting of the fused metatarsals 2 — 4), mt first metatarsus, u nares, 

 p' pubis, r cervical ribs, ra radius, sc scapula, st sternum, u ulna. — Orig. 



caudal vertebrae, are fused- together and furnish an attachment for 

 the pelvis, whilst a distinct lumbar region is wanting, and the pelvis 

 lies immediately behind the rib-bearing region. In all existing Birds 



