38 VKKTEHRAri> ; -MAMMALS. 



only for standing, walking, and running. Some of 

 them, as the Hog, IJccr, Antelopes. Sheep, Goats, 

 and Oxen, ha\-c the foot dn'ided or cleft, forming 

 an e\'en number of toes. ^lost Ungulates of this 

 sort chew the cud, and from the latter fact are known 

 as Ruminants, a name which means ciid-chcii'crs. 

 Others, as the Horse, Ass, and Rhinoceros, have only 

 one toe or an odd number of toes. There are thus 

 two groups of Hoofed Mammals, the odd-toed and 

 even-toed Ungulates. Most of the domestic animals 

 belong to the Ungulates. 



Hogs. 



The Hog has four toes, — although only two are used 

 in walking, — a long snout, coarse bristles, a simple 

 stomach, and teeth fitted for a mixed diet. There are 

 incisor teeth in both jaws; the grinders are capped 

 with rounded elevations. The pureh- herbi\'orous Cat- 

 tle and Horses have ridges of enamel on the grinders. 



There are numerous kinds of Hogs, more than fifteen 

 having been described, mostly from the old \\'orld. 

 The Wild Boar of Europe is the race from which our 

 Domestic Hog has sprung. Perhaps other species have 

 been tamed in other parts of the world. Alany nat- 

 uralists think that the Hog of China and Eastern Asia 

 came from another species. The crossing of this form 

 w\t\\ our nati\'e Hogs has gi\'en rise to man}- of the 

 best breeds. 



The \\ild Hogs of America are quite different from 

 the Wild Boar, and are small animals, called Peccaries. 

 They are chiefly found in South America, but one 

 kind is found as far north as northern Texas, 



