l8 THE PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF LABRADOR. 



likewise the case with the lakes lying on the water-shed 

 of Ungava Bay. The lakes lying on the table-land are 

 said to be deep." He also states that the large lakes in 

 the interior are well stocked with fish, while the shallow 

 lakes, and, in fact, the deep ones communicating with 

 the ocean, are in general very destitute of them. 



We must believe that the same causes that produce 

 the deep fiords likewise account for these deep fissures 

 and depressions in the summit of the water-sheds. It is 

 evident that any amount of glacial action, however long 

 sustained and vast in its operation, can never account for 

 • these rude, irregular, often " geoclinal," troughs which 

 follow lines of fracture and faults, lying along the axis ot 

 elevation of mountain chains, or at nearly right angles to 

 them. 



Fiords. — The fiords on the Labrador coast are of great 

 extent and depth. They are either original lines of frac- 

 ture and faults, or what Professor Dana terms geoclinal 

 troughs, occurring at the line of juncture of two rock 

 formations. Thus. Chateau Bay is a fissure at least 

 1,200 feet in depth. The western shore rises 6cx5 feet 

 above the sea-level, and the waters of the bay at their 

 deepest are 600 feet in depth. This fault must have 

 been produced at the time of the upheaval of the syenites 

 of the coast. 



All the broad, deep bays and fiords on the Atlantic 

 Ocean occur at the juncture of the syenites and gneiss. 

 There are deep bays between Cape St. Lewis and Cape 

 St. Michael's, where syenites rise through the gneiss, 

 producing faults and lines of dislocation. The large 

 bay just north of Cape St. Michael's occurs at the junc- 

 tion of gneiss and " hyperite " rocks. Sandwich Bay 



