I08 A summer's cruise to northern LABRADOR. 



year, I could read fine print until half-past eleven at 

 night. The next morning I dredged in eight fathoms 

 before weighing anchor, and was delighted to find several 

 large specimens of a delicate bivalve shell {Pandorina 

 arenosa); it was afterwards dredged up the coast at 

 Long Island in fifteen fathoms in sand and stony bottom. 

 It had not before been found south of the polar seas ; 

 its discovery so far south was interesting from the fact 

 that we had found it in a fossil state in sandy strata of 

 clay at Brunswick, Me., and had also been found in the 

 quaternary clays at Saco, Me., by Mr. C. B. Fuller. The 

 association of this shell with Nucula expansa (antiqua) 

 in the brick-yard clays gives positive proof that during 

 the wane of the ice period the shore of Maine was the 

 home of a truly polar assemblage of marine animals, and 

 that then as now on this coast these shells were not con- 

 fined to deep water, but lived in shallow retired bays in 

 water not over fifty feet in depth. 



Throughout the day we were in sight of the butte-like 

 Bradore Hills, the highest of the three mountains Wng 

 1264 feet above the level of the Gulf. As these moun- 

 tains overlook the scene of Jacques Car^iier's explorations 

 in the Straits of Belle Isle, we would suggest that the 

 highest of the three elevations be named Mt. Cartier. 



On the shores of Bradore Bay are still to be seen, it 

 is said, the ruins of the ancient port of Brest, which 

 was founded by the Bretons and Normans about the 

 year 1500. The ruins are situated about three miles 

 west of the present boundary of Canada at Blanc Sablon. 

 Samuel Roberton states in his Notes on the Coast of 

 Labrador : " As to the truth of Louis Robert's remarks 

 there can be no doubt, as maybe seen from the ruins and 



