230 RECENT EXPLORATIONS. 



has elapsed since the melting away of the glacial cover- 

 ing to wear the river-valleys into continuous courses." 



Koch also observed raised beaches from 10 to 30 

 metres in height above the sea, and from all his obser- 

 vations he concludes that after the glaciation of the coast 

 there was a depression of the land, as proved by the old 

 beaches, followed in recent times by a slow upheaval. 



Some additional information regarding Northern Lab- 

 rador, says Dr. Boas, is contained in the publications of 

 the reports of the German polar stations of the interna- 

 tional system. " Since Koch's visit to Labrador, meteor- 

 ological observations are being made at all missionary 

 stations of the Labrador coast, which are of particular 

 value as filling the wide gap between the system of Can- 

 ada and the Danish stations in Greenland." 



We have already on page 7 given a brief account of 

 Dr. Bell's observations made in 1884 on the physical 

 geography of the extreme northern coast of Labrador. 



More recently the commissioner of crown lands of 

 Quebec has sent surveyors who have explored the nu- 

 merous rivers emptying into the St. Lawrence, Mr. C. 

 E. Forgues having surveyed the rivers St. John, Mingan, 

 Natashquan, and Esquimaux. During the summer of 

 J 887 the missionary Edmund James Peck succeeded in 

 crossing Labrador from Richmond Bay to Ungava Bay, 

 but as yet no account of what must have been a very 

 interesting journey has appeared. Dr. Boas adds that 

 " Green Island, in Hudson Bay, as shown on Packard's 

 map, does not exist according to observations made by 

 Gordon on his expeditions to Hudson Bay. The archives 

 of the Department of Marines of France possess a number 



