CHATEAU. 239 



the founding by the Breton fishermen and traders of the 

 town of Brest, in Bradore Bay, about 1520, and the 

 battles at Chateau. It will be remembered that this 

 town is estimated to have had upwards of 1,000 resi- 

 dents ; its ruins and terraces being still visible. The 

 other event, or rather series of events, occurred farther 

 up the Strait of Belle Isle, and the scenes were less 

 peaceful. Chateau, or what is now called Henley Har- 

 bor, was originally colonized by the Acadian refugees, 

 who either built a fort here or more strongly fortified 

 Greville's Fort, originally built to resist Eskimo attacks. 

 The remains of these fortifications are still extant. 

 "In 1763 a British garrison was located at Chateau, 

 in order to protect the fisheries ; but the place was cap- 

 tured in 1778 by the American privateer 'Minerva,' 

 and three vessels and ;^ 70,000 worth of property were 

 carried away as prizes. In 1796 the post was again 

 attacked by a French fleet. A long bombardment en- 

 sued between the frigates and the shore batteries, and 

 it was not until their ammunition was exhausted that 

 the British troops retreated into the back country, after 

 having burned the village. In 1535 the French explor- 

 ing fleet, under the command of Jacques Cartier, as- 

 sembled here." 



We have already spoken of the Eskimo inhabitants of 

 the coast. The Indians inhabit the interior, and, as has 

 been remarked, they are perhaps now the only truly 

 wild, untamed red-men of North America. They are 

 of the Mountaineer (or Montagnais) and Nasquapee 

 (or Nascopi) tribes, and though they are roughly esti- 

 mated to number 4,000, they are supposed to be slowly 

 disappearing. " Game," say Hatton and Harvey, " on 



