2S6 THE LABRADOR ESKIMOS AND THEIR FORMER RANGE. 



alarm, though they endeavored to conceal their suspi- 

 cions, excusing themselves from lodging in their tent on 

 account of their uncleanly habits. At parting they as- 

 sured the brethren that they would receive frequent vis- 

 its from their countrymen, but this has not as yet been 

 the case." 



From Cartwright's "Journal of a Residence in Labra- 

 dor" we glean the following statements, which certainly 

 confirm those of the Moravians : In 1765 a blockhouse 

 was erected in a small fort at Chateau Bay to protect the 

 English merchants from the Eskimos. (Cartwright also 

 eives the best account we have seen of the Bethuks of 

 Newfoundland.) The southern tribe of Eskimos were 

 at Chateau Bay in 1770, Cartwright observing that some 

 Moravians were there at the same time. He also states 

 that there was an Eskimo settlement " some distance to 

 the northward" of Cape Charles, and that a family of 

 nine Eskimos came to spend the winter, living near Cart- 

 ' Wright's house, and more Eskimos came to join them in 

 July, 1 771, there being thirty-two in all; they traded 

 whalebone with the Eskimos to the northward.* Cart- 

 wright saw deserted Eskimo winter houses near Denbigh 

 Island. 



In 1 771 he saw an Eskimo pursuing a "penguin" in 

 his kayak near Fogo Island, off the coast of Newfound- 

 land ! 



* That the French in 1753 traded with the Eskimos for whalebone and oil is 

 shown by the following extract from Jeffrey's Northwest Passage, p. 147: 

 " The Eskemaux go up to Latitude 58, or further North; there leave their great 

 Boats, pass a small Neck of Land, taking their Canoes with them, and then go 

 into another Water which communicates with Hudson's Streights, carry their 

 Return of Trade into Eskemaux Bay, where they live in Winter; and the French 

 made considerable Returns to Old France, by the whalebone and oil procured 

 from these People." 



