GLACIAL Marks. 293'> 



steep mountain slopes. The traveller stumbles upon' 

 them in ascending the swift impetuous streams. 



The most abundant superficial deposits in Labrador 

 are the ancient sea-beaches, which are found, according 

 to Prof. H. Y. Hind, at all levels to a height of twelve 

 hundred feet above the sea, at a distance in the interior 

 of one hundred and twenty-five miles from the coast. 

 They are evidently altered glacial moraines. 



Glacial Epoch. Drift Strits and Rounded Rocks. — 

 The Labrador plateau has been, at least near the Atlan- 

 tic, moulded by ice to a height at least of twenty-five 

 hundred feet above the level of the sea. In Southern 

 Labrador Dr. Bell states that the valleys and hills, " up 

 to the height of sixteen hundred feet, at any rate, have 

 been planed by glacial action." (Rep. for 1884,37 D.D.) 

 The gneiss mountains are moulded into large flat cones, 

 often with a nipple-shaped summit ; the syenites are 

 either moulded into dornes or into high conical sugar- 

 loaves ; the anorthosite syenite at Square Island occurs 

 in high rude cones ; and the trap overflows accompanying 

 the Domino gneiss form rough irregular bosses. Only 

 at one point, near the northern termination of the penin- 

 sula at Cape Chidley, have the mountains by their alti- 

 tude escaped the rounding and remodelling action of 

 glaciers. These scraggy peaks, covered with loose square 

 blocks detached by frosts from their slopes, remind us 

 of the summits of Mount Washington in New Hamp- 

 shire and Mount Katahdin in Maine. In a sketch of 

 the former mountains by Mr. Lieber, as given in the 

 " Report of the Coast Survey," the transition from the 

 remodelled low mountains of the coast to the " wild 

 volcanic-looking mountains" of the interior height of land 



