12 CALIFORNIA CITRUS CULTURE. 
is reported to give accurate determination. Of course it need not be 
said that frozen. fruit should never be marketed. 
Frozen trees should not be pruned until time and new growth show 
the exact limit of the killing of the branches. Then all dead portions 
should be removed. In case the cambium, or inner bark, is killed down 
to or below the bud then the whole of the trunk may be cut away, and 
new growth from the crown can be permitted to grow, and this may be 
budded to produce the desired variety of fruit. If branches start 
above the bud, the largest of these may form a new tree and no further 
budding will be required. If desired, the trunk can be retained for a 
time and will serve well to support the new growth. Jn this case it is 
well to trim the trunk of all dead hmbs, when it will be easy to grow 
and cultivate beans among the injured trees. These will give a good 
profit and serve to keep up the fertility of the land. 
Tur CITRUS GROWER MUST REMEMBER THAT GOOD AND SUFFICIENT OIL 
POTS ARE \ WISE AND PROVIDENT INSURANCE AGAINST LOSS AND POSSIBLE 
RUIN. 
PLANTING THE ORCHARD. 
PREPARATION OF SOIL. 
In preparing to set an orchard the soil should be thoroughly and 
deeply cultivated, especially if it is a clay soil. We have seen that a 
rich supply of humus is very essential. If, then, a heavy stand of 
vetch, alfalfa or sweet clover could be grown and plowed under before 
planting, in time to become well decomposed, it would aid in making a 
first-class planting ground. The soil should be moist when the trees are 
set. 
THE YOUNG TREES. 
These should be vigorous, well formed, and wholly free from fungous 
affection or insect attack. Usually it will be necessary to secure them 
at a nursery. In such ease, a reliable nursery should be sought and a 
careful inspection of all the trees made by an expert. In case one 
can do so, it is well to grow his own plants in the seed bed from selected 
seed. Seeds from sour stock are now thought the best. Trees from 
these are said to resist fungi and frost, especially when young, better 
than others. Those from fruit known to be produced on a very 
vigorous, productive tree are to be preferred. A very productive tree 
inust possess great vitality, and the seed would be likely to partake 
of this character and produce excellent plants. Even more important 
