32 
often produce suckers from their roots in the neighbour- 
hood of the parent plant. Such growths can be separated 
and developed into new individuals. In the case of Rasp- 
berries indeed, this is a common method of propagating 
the canes. 
Lastly, it has been found possible in the case of some 
plants with somewhat fleshy leaves to cause these, or even 
portions of a leaf, to produce adventitious buds. This is 
the case with many Begonias, particularly those belonging 
to large-leaved varieties. If the leaf is placed on damp 
soil, the midrib having been cut in several places, new 
plants may arise from each portion as with the stimulus 
of warm temperature and moisture the leaf produces a 
considerable growth of callus, from which adventitious 
buds soon arise. The fleshy scales forming the buibs of 
most lilies are capable when separated from the parent 
bulb of producing small adventitious buds from which 
new plants can be grown, and this is a common method of 
propagating the plants. 
Space prevents a detailed discussion of the processes of 
wit bag and grafting, but from the botanical point of 
view the processes may be regarded as a special case of 
making cuttings in which the latter, instead of being 
planted in soil, are inserted in the tissues of a nearly 
related plant with which they become united by the 
development of wound tissue or callus. No adventitious 
roots are formed by the graft as the scion relies for its 
supply of water entirely upon the roots of the stock. 
There has been much discussion as to whether, as a 
result of grafting, there is any influence of the stock upon 
the scion, or vice versa. A considerable amount of infor- 
mation on this question has accumulated, but it is largely 
of a negative character, and what positive evidence exists 
is of a doubtful nature. 
