168 -COLEOPTERA OR BEETLES. 



holes in the canes and poles, and there pupates and remains 

 all the winter. 



Prevention and Remedies. — Autumn application of vaporite 

 round the canes and the destruction of prunings is about all 

 we can do to prevent a recurrence of this attack. Where we 

 see numbers in the plantations, in May, we can clear them off 

 by jarring over tarred boards or, better, by shaking into tins of 

 paraffin. It also attacks the Loganberry and Blackberry. 



GllOUND-BEETLBS OR CaRABID^. 



The Ground-beetles or Carabidae are a very extensive family. 

 These beetles belong to a division called Geodephaga, and may 

 be identified by their hard convex elytra, long thin legs and 

 antennae, and their extremely active habits. The majority are 

 carnivorous, and do good by devouring noxious insects, molluscs, 

 and animal matter. The mouth is armed with large scissor- 

 shaped mandibles, with which they cause great havoc amongst 

 insect life. Some have wings, others have none. The larvae 

 of Carabidae are elongated and flat, 

 slightly fleshy, with a hard chitinous 

 head and first segment : three pairs of 

 legs on the first three segments, and 

 Fici. ss.-GRouTO.BEmLE two hom - like appendages on the 

 chfcTdi ''''""^'■"* '"'" dorsum of the tail segment, some- 

 times an elongated process below : 

 like the adult, the larvae have powerful scissor -like jaws. 

 These larvae are carnivorous, and have a similar diet to the 

 adult. The two most commonly met with are the Garden 

 Ground-beetle (Oarahus vio/aceus) (fig. 83) and C. nevioralis. 

 The former is a large purple beetle, often seen actively running 

 about fields and gardens ; the latter is golden-bronze in colour. 

 Both are predaceous, and so are the majority of this family ; 

 but some have developed injurious vegetarian habits, attacking 

 corn and strawberries to a disastrous extent. 



