206 



lepidopterA (moths). 



extremely injurious to fruit-trees, of which the following are 

 the most important. 



The Winter Moth {Chematobia brumata). 



This and the closely related Mottled Umber Moth {Hyhernia 

 defoliaria) are often a serious trouble to fruit-growers. The 

 larvae devour the buds, leafage, blossom, and fruit of the trees. 

 An orchard attacked by these pests presents a scorched appear- 

 ance, the leafage in some cases being completely stripped, as 

 bare as in winter. The female "Winter Moth is nearly wingless, 

 and, to lay her eggs, ascends the trunk of the tree on hatching 



FlQ. 106. — 1, Winter Moth (Cheiviatolna irumata). 2, Mottled TJmber MoTn 

 AND Caterpillar {Byiemia de/oliario). 



Male moth, winged ; female moth, wingless. (All natural size.) 



from the pupa in the ground or amongst the grass beneath 

 the trees. The male is winged, about an inch and a quarter 

 in expanse, brownish-grey with wavy brown lines across the 

 front pair. They fly about at dusk, sometimes carrying the 

 female in copula to the boughs to deposit her ova. They are 

 called " Winter Moths " because they appear during the cold 

 months of the year, from October to January. The green 

 looper-larvae hatch from the ova in the spring about the time 

 the buds are ready to burst. They pupate in and on the 



