322 



SKELETON OF THE HOESE. 



typically composed of six bones— two scapulce, two coracoids, 

 and two davichs. In the horse this so-called shoulder girdle 

 is very simple; the coracoids are reduced to mere fragments, 

 small processes attached to the shoulder-blades or scapulae, 

 and known as the coracoid processes. ISTo clavicles or collar- 

 bones are found at all. The arch is really reduced to a pair 



of large scapulae. The 

 scapula is shallow, 

 broadened above and 

 contracted below, where 

 we find a depression^ 

 the glenoid cavity, in 

 which fits the head of 

 the arm -bone or hum- 

 erus. At the top of 

 each scapula is a car- 

 tilaginous prolongation 

 rounded at its summit, 

 and down the outer 

 face of the scapula 

 runs a bony ridge: this 

 ridge is much thick- 

 ened and turned back- 

 wards above the middle. 

 By noticing this point, 

 Fio. isy.— A, FoHE, AND B, HiND leo OF HoBSE. ^6 caH easUy teU. a right 



S, Radius; A", kneo (carpus); Ca, cannon-bone; fjom a left SCapula. 

 S, splint-bones; I'as, pastern; Cor, coronet; Cof, ^ 



coffin-bone; Trap, ])isciforra ; Ses, sesamoid bone; The fore -limb (fig. 

 T, tibia ; As, astragalus ; C, calcaneus ; Cu, cuboid. ^ . , , 



187, a) of the horse 

 consists of the following parts ; the humerus, the radius (B) and 

 idna, the carpus (K) (or knee of the horse), the metacarpus or 

 cannon-bone (Ca), and the phalange-bones, consisting of three 

 divisions. Normally in animals there are five metacarpals and 

 five phalanges or digits, such as we see in man ; but in the 

 horse these latter are reduced to one. The fore-limb, -which is 



